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  2. Nuclear triad - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_triad

    Israel is known to have nuclear-capable aircraft and land-base missiles, with the addition of nuclear-armed submarines this would mean that they now have a full triad of land-, air-, and sea-based nuclear delivery systems [18] some of which would be invulnerable to a first strike by an enemy for the first time in their country's history. No ...

  3. Big Bang nucleosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang_nucleosynthesis

    In physical cosmology, Big Bang nucleosynthesis (also known as primordial nucleosynthesis, and abbreviated as BBN) [1] is a model for the production of light nuclei, deuterium, 3 He, 4 He, 7 Li, between 0.01s and 200s in the lifetime of the universe. [2] The model uses a combination of thermodynamic arguments and results from equations for the ...

  4. Cosmic ray spallation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_ray_spallation

    Cosmic ray spallation, also known as the x-process, is a set of naturally occurring nuclear reactions causing nucleosynthesis; it refers to the formation of chemical elements from the impact of cosmic rays on an object.

  5. Nucleosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleosynthesis

    Nucleosynthesis is the process that creates new atomic nuclei from pre-existing nucleons (protons and neutrons) and nuclei. According to current theories, the first nuclei were formed a few minutes after the Big Bang, through nuclear reactions in a process called Big Bang nucleosynthesis. [1]

  6. Physical cosmology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_cosmology

    Physical cosmology is a branch of cosmology concerned with the study of cosmological models. A cosmological model, or simply cosmology, provides a description of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the universe and allows study of fundamental questions about its origin, structure, evolution, and ultimate fate. [1]

  7. New Sentinel nuclear weapons program is 81% over budget. But ...

    www.aol.com/news/sentinel-nuclear-warhead...

    The new Sentinel nuclear weapons program is 81% over budget and is now estimated to cost nearly $141 billion, but the Pentagon is moving forward with the program, saying that given the threats ...

  8. Lambda-CDM model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda-CDM_model

    The great majority of ordinary matter in the universe is unseen, since visible stars and gas inside galaxies and clusters account for less than 10% of the ordinary matter contribution to the mass–energy density of the universe. [12] The model includes a single originating event, the "Big Bang", which was not an explosion but the abrupt ...

  9. Russia fires missiles to simulate 'massive' response to a ...

    www.aol.com/news/putin-orders-strategic-nuclear...

    The exercise involved Russia's full nuclear "triad" of ground-, sea- and air-launched missiles. ... "I stress that we are not going to get involved in a new arms race, but we will maintain nuclear ...