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Mucoactive drugs include expectorants, mucolytics, mucoregulators, and mucokinetics. These medications are used in the treatment of respiratory diseases that are complicated by the oversecretion or inspissation of mucus. These drugs can be further categorized by their mechanism of action. [1] [2]
Mucokinetics, or mucolytics, are a class of drugs which aid in the clearance of mucus from the airways, lungs, bronchi, and trachea. Examples are carbocisteine , ambroxol , and bromhexine . Expectorants are substances claimed to make coughing easier while enhancing the production of mucus and phlegm.
ATC code R05 Cough and cold preparations is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.
Bromhexine is intended to support the body's mechanisms for clearing mucus from the respiratory tract.It is secretolytic, increasing the production of serous mucus in the respiratory tract, which makes the phlegm thinner and less viscous.
Terpin hydrate is an expectorant, used in the treatment of acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. It is typically formulated with an antitussive (e.g., codeine) as a combined preparation.
Ambroxol is a drug that breaks up phlegm, used in the treatment of respiratory diseases associated with viscid or excessive mucus. Ambroxol is often administered as an active ingredient in cough syrup. It was patented in 1966 and came into medical use in 1979. [1]
Guaifenesin might act as an expectorant by increasing the volume and reducing the viscosity of secretions in the trachea and bronchi via stimulation of the gastric mucosa. . This stimulation leads to an increased parasympathetic activity in the respiratory tract via the so-called gastro-pulmonary reflex, although some in vitro studies suggested that it might also act directly on the ...
Guaifenesin/codeine is a fixed-dose combination cold medicine used for the treatment of cough. [1] It contains guaifenesin, an expectorant; and codeine, as the phosphate, an opioid antitussive. [1] It is taken by mouth. [1] It was approved for medical use in the United States in 2006. [1]