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Kevlar (para-aramid) [2] is a strong, heat-resistant synthetic fiber, related to other aramids such as Nomex and Technora.Developed by Stephanie Kwolek at DuPont in 1965, [3] [2] [4] the high-strength material was first used commercially in the early 1970s as a replacement for steel in racing tires.
Soil contamination, soil pollution, or land pollution as a part of land degradation is caused by the presence of xenobiotic (human-made) chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment. It is typically caused by industrial activity, agricultural chemicals or improper disposal of waste .
It soon made its debut in the United States as a replacement for silk, just in time for the introduction of rationing during World War II. Its novel use as a material for women's stockings overshadowed more practical uses, such as a replacement for the silk in parachutes and other military uses like ropes .
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Excellent thermal stability at temperature extremes, water repellency, chemical stability and resistance to petroleum products have made Kevlar KM2 an indispensable asset to the military personnel who use it every day." [1] "Kevlar KM2 fiber is a transversely isotropic material. Its tensile stress–strain response in the axial direction is ...
Water pollution in the Wairarapa, New Zealand. One of the most devastating effects of industrial waste is water pollution. For many industrial processes, water is used which comes in contact with harmful chemicals. These chemicals may include organic compounds (such as solvents), metals, nutrients or radioactive material.
The soil remediation intervention values indicate when the functional properties of the soil for humans, plants and animals is seriously impaired or threatened. They are representative of the level of contamination above which a serious case of soil contamination is deemed to exist.