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The portion of the retroperitoneum that is posterior wall of the abdomen and superior to the iliac vessels is of importance in gynecological oncology. [1] This is the region where para-aortic and paracaval lymphadenectomies are done. The lateral boundary of the retroperitoneum is defined by the ascending and descending colon.
The kidney position is much like the lateral position except the patient's abdomen is placed over a lift in the operating table that bends the body to allow access to the retroperitoneal space. A kidney rest is placed under the patient at the location of the lift. [2] Sims' position The Sims' position is a variation of the left lateral position.
Bleeding from a blood vessel or structure in the retroperitoneal such as the aorta or inferior vena cava into the retroperitoneal space can lead to a retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Retroperitoneal fibrosis; Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection; It is also possible to have a neoplasm in this area, more commonly a metastasis; or very rarely a ...
In medicine, Murphy's sign (also known as Sweeney’s sign) is a maneuver during a physical examination as part of the abdominal examination. [1] It is useful for differentiating pain in the right upper quadrant. Typically, it is positive in cholecystitis, but negative in choledocholithiasis, pyelonephritis, and ascending cholangitis.
1923 – Georg Ganter performs the first peritoneal dialysis in a guinea pig and attempts the procedure in humans, without success. Hypertonic saline was used as the dialysate. [36] [37] 1927 – Heinrich Heusser and Hermann Werder were the first to treat 3 patients with continuous flow PD using two catheters. They demonstrated a decrease in ...
During an exploratory laparotomy, a large incision is made vertically in the middle of the abdomen to access the peritoneal cavity, then each of the quadrants of the abdomen is examined. [1] Various other maneuvers, such as the Kocher maneuver, or other procedures may be performed concurrently. Overall operative mortality ranges between 10% and ...
This procedure is performed when intra-abdominal bleeding (hemoperitoneum), usually secondary to trauma, is suspected. [2]In a hemodynamically unstable patient with high-risk mechanism of injury, peritoneal lavage is a means of rapidly diagnosing intra-abdominal injury requiring laparotomy, but has largely been replaced in trauma care by the use of a focused assessment with sonography for ...
The procedure is common in the treatment of Stage I and II non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. [2] In seminomas, another form of testicular cancer, radiation therapy is generally preferred to the invasive RPLND procedure. [4] Whether RPLND is needed after orchiectomy depends on the type of tumor and its stage. RPLND may be performed to remove ...