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Armodafinil, sold under the brand name Nuvigil, is a wakefulness-promoting medication which is used to treat excessive daytime sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea, narcolepsy, and shift work disorder. [1] It is also used off-label for certain other indications. [10] The drug is taken by mouth. [1]
Modafinil is a drug that helps keep people awake and alert (wakefulness-promoting agent or "eugeroic"). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Most of the listed modafinil analogues are drugs that specifically target dopamine reuptake (reabsorption of a neurotransmitter by a neurotransmitter transporter ) with stronger effects ( selective DRIs with improved potency ...
Of the more than twenty compounds preclinically tested in Cephalon's three-part drug discovery series, the compound fluorenol was selected as a lead. [26] Fluorenol was found to induce wakefulness to a greater degree than modafinil, despite possessing a lower affinity for the dopamine transporter (DAT). [ 26 ]
Some patients request to be switched to a different narcotic due to stigma associated with a particular drug (e.g. a patient refusing methadone due to its association with opioid addiction treatment). [4] Equianalgesic charts are also used when calculating an equivalent dosage of the same drug, but with a different route of administration.
Cinnarizine is predominantly used to treat nausea and vomiting associated with motion sickness, [6] vertigo, [8] Ménière's disease, [9] or Cogan's syndrome. [3] It is one of only a few drugs that has a beneficial effect in the chronic treatment of the vertigo and tinnitus associated with Ménière's disease.
The drug or other substance has a potential for abuse less than the drugs or other substances in schedules I and II. The drug or other substance has a currently [1] accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence.
Rare side-effects include Stevens–Johnson syndrome, an adverse reaction to barbiturates, and anaphylaxis. The risk and severity of all side effects is greatly increased when butalbital (or butalbital-containing medications) are combined with other sedatives (ex. ethanol, opiates, benzodiazepines, antihistamines). In particular, butalbital ...
Caroverine (Spasmium, Tinnitin, Tinnex) is a muscle-relaxing drug used in Austria and Switzerland to relieve spasms in smooth muscles (which include intestines, arteries, and other organs), and the use in those countries was extended to aid with cerebrovascular diseases there, and eventually to treat tinnitus. [1]