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In trigonometry, the law of tangents or tangent rule [1] is a statement about the relationship between the tangents of two angles of a triangle and the lengths of the opposing sides. In Figure 1, a, b, and c are the lengths of the three sides of the triangle, and α, β, and γ are the angles opposite those three respective sides.
This equal area rule can also be derived by making use of the Helmholtz free energy. [24] In any event the Maxwell construction derives from the Gibbs condition of material equilibrium. However, even though g f = g g {\displaystyle g_{f}=g_{g}} is more fundamental it is more abstract than the equal area rule, which is understood geometrically.
In mathematics and computational science, Heun's method may refer to the improved [1] or modified Euler's method (that is, the explicit trapezoidal rule [2]), or a similar two-stage Runge–Kutta method. It is named after Karl Heun and is a numerical procedure for solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with a given initial value.
The sine and tangent small-angle approximations are used in relation to the double-slit experiment or a diffraction grating to develop simplified equations like the following, where y is the distance of a fringe from the center of maximum light intensity, m is the order of the fringe, D is the distance between the slits and projection screen ...
The fact that the triple-angle formula for sine and cosine only involves powers of a single function allows one to relate the geometric problem of a compass and straightedge construction of angle trisection to the algebraic problem of solving a cubic equation, which allows one to prove that trisection is in general impossible using the given tools.
One may also use Newton's method to solve systems of k equations, which amounts to finding the (simultaneous) zeroes of k continuously differentiable functions :. This is equivalent to finding the zeroes of a single vector-valued function F : R k → R k . {\displaystyle F:\mathbb {R} ^{k}\to \mathbb {R} ^{k}.}
Classical mechanics is the branch of physics used to describe the motion of macroscopic objects. [1] It is the most familiar of the theories of physics. The concepts it covers, such as mass, acceleration, and force, are commonly used and known. [2] The subject is based upon a three-dimensional Euclidean space with fixed axes, called a frame of ...
In physics, Lami's theorem is an equation relating the magnitudes of three coplanar, concurrent and non-collinear vectors, which keeps an object in static equilibrium, with the angles directly opposite to the corresponding vectors.