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An interrupt tells a thread that it should stop what it is doing and do something else. A thread sends an interrupt by invoking interrupt() on the Thread object for the thread to be interrupted. The interrupt mechanism is implemented using an internal boolean flag known as the "interrupted status". [8] Invoking interrupt() sets this flag. [9]
A process with two threads of execution, running on one processor Program vs. Process vs. Thread Scheduling, Preemption, Context Switching. In computer science, a thread of execution is the smallest sequence of programmed instructions that can be managed independently by a scheduler, which is typically a part of the operating system. [1]
If this number is reached and a new item is requested, an exception may be thrown, or the thread will be blocked until an object is released back into the pool. The object pool design pattern is used in several places in the standard classes of the .NET Framework. One example is the .NET Framework Data Provider for SQL Server.
One benefit of a thread pool over creating a new thread for each task is that thread creation and destruction overhead is restricted to the initial creation of the pool, which may result in better performance and better system stability. Creating and destroying a thread and its associated resources can be an expensive process in terms of time.
Concurrent data structures are significantly more difficult to design and to verify as being correct than their sequential counterparts. The primary source of this additional difficulty is concurrency, exacerbated by the fact that threads must be thought of as being completely asynchronous: they are subject to operating system preemption, page faults, interrupts, and so on.
Concurrent systems such as Operating systems and Database management systems are generally designed [by whom?] to operate indefinitely, including automatic recovery from failure, and not terminate unexpectedly (see Concurrency control).
Thread scheduling is also a major problem in multithreading. Merging data from two processes can often incur significantly higher costs compared to processing the same data on a single thread, potentially by two or more orders of magnitude due to overheads such as inter-process communication and synchronization. [2] [3] [4]
In the sense of "unit of execution", in some operating systems, a task is synonymous with a process [citation needed], and in others with a thread [citation needed]. In non-interactive execution (batch processing), a task is a unit of execution within a job, [1] [2] with the task itself typically a process.