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The improved fresnel lens optical landing system, IFLOLS, uses a fiber optic "source" light, projected through lenses to present a sharper, crisper light. This has enabled pilots to begin to fly "the ball" further away from the ship making the transition from instrument flight to visual flight smoother.
A Fresnel lens (/ ˈ f r eɪ n ɛ l,-n əl / FRAY-nel, -nəl; / ˈ f r ɛ n ɛ l,-əl / FREN-el, -əl; or / f r eɪ ˈ n ɛ l / fray-NEL [1]) is a type of composite compact lens which reduces the amount of material required compared to a conventional lens by dividing the lens into a set of concentric annular sections.
In late 1960, the Control Instrument Company installed the first production Fresnel Lens Optical Landing System (FLOLS) onboard Franklin D. Roosevelt. She recorded her 100,000th aircraft landing in March 1961. During a 1963 overhaul, six more 5-inch (127 mm) guns were removed. [1]
Line-up with the landing area is achieved by lining up painted lines on the landing area centerline with a set of lights that drops from the back of the flight deck. Proper glideslope is maintained using an optical landing system ("meatball"), either the Fresnel lens optical landing system (FLOLS), improved FLOLS, [19] or a manually operated OLS.
It is equipped with a Fresnel lens optical landing system (FLOLS) at each approach end, as well as lit aircraft carrier flight deck landing areas at both ends, so pilots can simulate carrier landings. Apart from touch-and-go landings and take-offs, aircrews use the many ranges at NAF El Centro to develop their skills.
Adjacent to the runway is a standard aircraft carrier optical landing system Fresnel lens. Each landing is observed and graded by a Landing Signal Officer, a pilot who has been trained in the subspecialty of teaching aviators how to safely land on an aircraft carrier. [7] [8] [9]
A Fresnel Lens Optical Landing System (known as the Meatball, or ball) on the runway verge, as fitted to all aircraft carriers and is used to assist the pilot in completing a successful trap on the flight deck. [5]
The first of the Optical Landing Systems was another British innovation, the Mirror Landing Aid invented by Lieutenant Commander H. C. N. Goodhart RN. [27] This was a gyroscopically-controlled concave mirror (in later designs replaced by a Fresnel lens Optical Landing System) on the port side of the deck. On either side of the mirror was a line ...