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It is sometimes treated with surgery, which involves rerouting blood from the right atrium into the left atrium with a patch or use of the Warden procedure. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] However, interest is increasing in catheter-based interventional approaches, as well as medical therapy for less severe cases [ citation needed ] .
Atrial septal defect with left-to-right shunt. The left and right sides of the heart are named from a dorsal view, i.e., looking at the heart from the back or from the perspective of the person whose heart it is. There are four chambers in a heart: an atrium (upper) and a ventricle (lower) on both the left and right sides. [1]
The left side of the heart is more muscular than the right side of the heart. It pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs into the aorta to perfuse the rest of the body. [ 4 ] When the heart has to pump against increased resistance, or afterload , as in the case of a ventricular obstruction, it compensates by growing in size.
So wedged, the catheter can provide an indirect measurement of the pressure in the left atrium of the heart, showing a mean pressure, in addition to a, x, v, and y waves which have implications for status of the left atria and the mitral valve. Left ventricular end diastolic pressure is measured using a different procedure, with a catheter that ...
Overriding aorta (aortic valve is enlarged and appears to arise from both the left and right ventricles instead of the left ventricle, as occurs in normal hearts) Right ventricular hypertrophy (thickening of the muscular walls of the right ventricle, this is a result of the increased amount of work the heart has to do)
Levo-Transposition of the great arteries is an acyanotic congenital heart defect in which the primary arteries (the aorta and the pulmonary artery) are transposed, with the aorta anterior and to the left of the pulmonary artery; the morphological left and right ventricles with their corresponding atrioventricular valves are also transposed.
Scimitar syndrome, or congenital pulmonary venolobar syndrome, is a rare congenital heart defect characterized by anomalous venous return from the right lung (to the systemic venous drainage, rather than directly to the left atrium). [1] This anomalous pulmonary venous return can be either partial (PAPVR) or total (TAPVR).
Tricuspid atresia is caused by complete absence of the tricuspid valve. [2] The underlying cause of this absence remains unknown. [3] This prevents direct blood flow between the right atrium and the right ventricle. [2] This usually causes the foramen ovale to remain open after birth, leading to atrial septal defect. [4]