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Sir John Alexander Macdonald [a] GCB PC QC (10 or 11 January 1815 [b] – 6 June 1891) was the first prime minister of Canada, serving from 1867 to 1873 and from 1878 until his death in 1891. He was the dominant figure of Canadian Confederation , and had a political career that spanned almost half a century.
The British high commissioners to the Treaty of Washington of 1871. Standing: L. to R.: Lord Tenterden, Sir John A. Macdonald, Mountague Bernard. Seated: L. to R.: Sir Stafford Northcote, Earl de Grey & Ripon, Sir Edward Thornton. The American High Commissioners to the Treaty of Washington. U.S. Secretary of State Hamilton Fish was chairman.
John A. Macdonald, previously the inaugural Prime Minister of Canada from 1867 until he resigned in 1873, returned to power in 1878 after his electoral victory that year, which enabled him to implement the National Policy. The policy had three-parts which would improve and expand Canada's future, including:
The First Canadian Ministry was the first cabinet chaired by Prime Minister John A. Macdonald.It governed Canada from 1 July 1867 to 5 November 1873, including all of the 1st Canadian Parliament as well as the first eight months of the Second.
Political cartoon by John Wilson Bengough satirizing Prime Minister John A. Macdonald for the Pacific Scandal. The Pacific Scandal was a political scandal in Canada involving large sums of money being paid by private interests to the Conservative party to cover election expenses in the 1872 Canadian federal election, to influence the bidding for a national rail contract. [1]
The Double Shuffle was a political episode in the Province of Canada in 1858. It began on July 28, 1858, when the coalition government of John A. Macdonald (Liberal-Conservative) and George-Étienne Cartier was defeated on a confidence vote in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, concerning the location of the seat of government for the province.
It was won by the Conservative Party of Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald. A Conservative election poster from 1891. The main issue of the 1891 campaign was Macdonald's National Policy, a policy of protective tariffs. The Liberals supported reciprocity (free trade) with the United States.
Macdonald had earlier stayed with Reynolds, and there are some stories that he gave it its name. When Sir John A. Macdonald visited, they discussed about its name as Eaglescliffe, but he suggested the Old English word for eagle, earn, and his suggestion was accepted. [3] In 1888, Macdonald made several additions to the structure.