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Here is an example of color channel splitting of a full RGB color image. The column at left shows the isolated color channels in natural colors, while at right there are their grayscale equivalences: Composition of RGB from three grayscale images. The reverse is also possible: to build a full-color image from their separate grayscale channels.
The test chart shows the full 256 levels of the red, green, and blue (RGB) primary colors and cyan, magenta, and yellow complementary colors, along with a full 256-level grayscale. Gradients of RGB intermediate colors (orange, lime green, sea green, sky blue, violet, and fuchsia), and a full hue spectrum are also present.
In order to convert RGB or CMYK values to or from L*a*b*, the RGB or CMYK data must be linearized relative to light. The reference illuminant of the RGB or CMYK data must be known, as well as the RGB primary coordinates or the CMYK printer's reference data in the form of a color lookup table (CLUT).
These formulas allow conversion between YIQ and RGB color spaces, where R, G, and B are gamma-corrected values. Values for the original 1953 NTSC colorimetry and later SMPTE C FCC standard. The following formulas assume:
Therefore, it is usually best in these programs to use the RGB coordinate. If a source truly only provides a Microsoft HSL input and if you cannot find an alternate, convert it to sRGB. First divide the H by 2 ⁄ 3, and the S and L by 2.4 to obtain normal HSL values. Then use any online tool (such as ) to convert HSL to sRGB.
YCbCr is sometimes abbreviated to YCC.Typically the terms Y′CbCr, YCbCr, YPbPr and YUV are used interchangeably, leading to some confusion. The main difference is that YPbPr is used with analog images and YCbCr with digital images, leading to different scaling values for U max and V max (in YCbCr both are ) when converting to/from YUV.
A popular way to make a color space like RGB into an absolute color is to define an ICC profile, which contains the attributes of the RGB. This is not the only way to express an absolute color, but it is the standard in many industries. RGB colors defined by widely accepted profiles include sRGB and Adobe RGB.
A very simple example can be given between the two colors with RGB values (0, 64, 0) ( ) and (255, 64, 0) ( ): their distance is 255. Going from there to (255, 64, 128) ( ) is a distance of 128. When we wish to calculate distance from the first point to the third point (i.e. changing more than one of the color values), we can do this: