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As a side effect of medicines or recreational drugs, hypoventilation may become potentially life-threatening.Many different central nervous system (CNS) depressant drugs such as ethanol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, GHB, sedatives, and opioids produce respiratory depression when taken in large or excessive doses, or mixed with other depressants.
Midazolam collects in the body's fatty tissues, so a possible complication includes prolonged sedation. As a result, the elderly, the obese, and those with kidney or liver disease are more vulnerable to prolonged sedation with midazolam. Respiratory depression is also associated with midazolam when given in high doses.
Sedation is the reduction of irritability or agitation by administration of sedative drugs, generally to facilitate a medical procedure or diagnostic procedure. Examples of drugs which can be used for sedation include isoflurane, diethyl ether, propofol, etomidate, ketamine, pentobarbital, lorazepam and midazolam. [1]
With paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea specifically, it is felt while sleeping and causes a person to wake up after about 1 to 2 hours of sleep. [ 3 ] More serious forms of dyspnea can be identified through accompanying findings, such as low blood pressure, decreased respiratory rate, altered mental status, hypoxia, cyanosis, stridor, or unstable ...
Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes E50-E64 within Chapter IV: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases should be included in this category. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nutritional deficiencies .
The first four points of their scale roughly correspond to today's ASA classes 1–4, which were first published in 1963. [1] [5] The original authors included two classes that encompassed emergencies which otherwise would have been coded in either the first two classes (class 5) or the second two (class 6). By the time of the 1963 publication ...
Muscle dysfunction and weakness – This occurs in major muscles, but also may manifest as: diplopia, low cardiac output, dysphagia, and respiratory depression due to respiratory muscle weakness. [citation needed] Mental status changes – This may range from irritability to gross confusion, delirium, and coma. [citation needed]
For adults, an AHI of less than 5 is considered normal, an AHI of [5–15) is mild, [15–30) is moderate, and ≥30 events per hour characterizes severe sleep apnea. For pediatrics, an AHI of less than 1 is considered normal, an AHI of [1–5) is mild, [5–10) is moderate, and ≥10 events per hour characterizes severe sleep apnea.