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Information technology general controls (ITGC) are controls that apply to all systems, components, processes, and data for a given organization or information technology (IT) environment. The objectives of ITGCs are to ensure the proper development and implementation of applications, as well as the integrity of programs, data files, and ...
IT controls are often described in two categories: IT general controls and IT application controls. ITGC includes controls over the hardware, system software, operational processes, access to programs and data, program development and program changes.
Therefore, ITGC testing should be performed to the extent it addresses specific MMR. By nature, ITGC enables management to place reliance on fully automated application controls (i.e., those that operate without human intervention) and IT-dependent controls (i.e., those that involve the review of automatically generated reports).
Common criteria are labeled as, Control environment (CC1.x), Information and communication (CC2.x), Risk assessment (CC3.x), Monitoring of controls (CC4.x) and Control activities related to the design and implementation of controls (CC5.x). Common criteria are suitable and complete for evaluation security criteria.
ISO/IEC 27034-3 — Application security – Part 3: Application security management process. ISO/IEC 27034-5 — Application security – Part 5: Protocols and application security controls data structure; ISO/IEC 27034-5-1 — Application security – Part 5-1: Protocols and applications security controls data, XML schemas.
Emergency changes override some, but not all, controls. For instance, a proposed change might be documented, but not permitted without authorization. Change documentation is periodically updated. Maintenance tasks and changes are recorded. Controls are applied to new software releases.
An IT audit is different from a financial statement audit.While a financial audit's purpose is to evaluate whether the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, an entity's financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in conformity to standard accounting practices, the purposes of an IT audit is to evaluate the system's internal control design and effectiveness.
An entity-level control is a control that helps to ensure that management directives pertaining to the entire entity are carried out. These controls are the second level [clarification needed] to understanding the risks of an organization. Generally, entity refers to the entire company.