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One notable exception is in the motorsport technique of drifting, in which rear-wheel traction is purposely lost during high speed cornering. Other designs dramatically increase surface area to provide more traction than wheels can, for example in continuous track and half-track vehicles.
Airspeed is commonly given in knots (kn). Since 2010, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recommends using kilometers per hour (km/h) for airspeed (and meters per second for wind speed on runways), but allows using the de facto standard of knots, and has no set date on when to stop.
Dimensionless numbers (or characteristic numbers) have an important role in analyzing the behavior of fluids and their flow as well as in other transport phenomena. [1] They include the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, which describe as ratios the relative magnitude of fluid and physical system characteristics, such as density, viscosity, speed of sound, and flow speed.
A slight increase in the lean angle may be required on motorcycles to compensate for the width of modern tires at the same forward speed and turn radius. [ 45 ] It can also be seen however that this simple 2-dimensional model, essentially an inverted pendulum on a turntable , predicts that the steady-state turn is unstable.
Turn at constant speed Approach and landing Takeoff. The speed, height and trim angle of attack are different for each flight condition, in addition, the aircraft will be configured differently, e.g. at low speed flaps may be deployed and the undercarriage may be down.
In experimental fluid dynamics, the Stokes number is a measure of flow tracer fidelity in particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments where very small particles are entrained in turbulent flows and optically observed to determine the speed and direction of fluid movement (also known as the velocity field of the fluid). For acceptable tracing ...
Depending on the configuration, open-chain robotic manipulators require a degree of trajectory optimization. For instance, a robotic arm with 7 joints and 7 links (7-DOF) is a redundant system where one cartesian position of an end-effector can correspond to an infinite number of joint angle positions, thus this redundancy can be used to optimize a trajectory to, for example, avoid any ...
Cant deficiency: Resultant force exerts more against the outside rail than the inside rail. In railway engineering, cant deficiency is defined in the context of travel of a rail vehicle at constant speed on a constant-radius curve.