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It is a reducing agent [9] and its conjugate bases hydrogen oxalate (HC 2 O − 4) and oxalate (C 2 O 2− 4) are chelating agents for metal cations. It is used as a cleaning agent, especially for the removal of rust , because it forms a water-soluble ferric iron complex, the ferrioxalate ion.
By far the most frequently used products are formulations for mixing with water then applying as sprays. Water miscible, older formulations include:
In isolation, the aldehyde structure has as a major conformer a cyclic hydrogen-bonded structure with the aldehyde carbonyl in close proximity to the carboxyl hydrogen: [8] The Henry's law constant of glyoxylic acid is K H = 1.09 × 10 4 × exp[(40.0 × 10 3 /R) × (1/T − 1/298)].
Under stress conditions (e.g., water deficit), oxalate released from calcium oxalate crystals is converted to CO 2 by an oxalate oxidase enzyme, and the produced CO 2 can support the Calvin cycle reactions. Reactive hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2), the byproduct of oxalate oxidase reaction, can be neutralized by catalase. Alarm photosynthesis ...
Carboxylic acid salts with a hydrogen atom in the alpha position next to the carboxylate group can be converted to dianions with strong bases like lithium diisopropylamide. These react with alkyl halides to give derivatives: [1]: 474 RCH 2 COO − + Li + [− N(CH(CH 3) 2) 2] → RCH − COO − RCH − COO − + R'X → RR'CHCOO − + X −
Calcium oxalate (in archaic terminology, oxalate of lime) is a calcium salt of oxalic acid with the chemical formula CaC 2 O 4 or Ca(COO) 2. It forms hydrates CaC 2 O 4 ·nH 2 O, where n varies from 1 to 3. Anhydrous and all hydrated forms are colorless or white.
Hydrogen: 5 5.2 Methane: 12 14.5 Ethane: 11 13.5 Propane: 11.5 14.5 n-Butane: 12 14.5 Isobutane: 12 15 Limiting oxygen concentration for solid materials [4] Material ...
In toxicology, the median lethal dose, LD 50 (abbreviation for "lethal dose, 50%"), LC 50 (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt 50 is a toxic unit that measures the lethal dose of a given substance. [1] The value of LD 50 for a substance is the dose required to kill half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration.