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Rarely, the mylohyoid muscle may originate partially from other surfaces of the mandible. [2] The posterior (back) part of this line, near the alveolar margin , gives attachment to a small part of the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle , and to the pterygomandibular raphe .
lesson1 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) Anatomy photo:22:os-1006 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Osteology of the Skull: Mandible of Intact Skull" "Anatomy diagram: 34256.000-2". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2013-06-11.
The four classical muscles of mastication elevate the mandible (closing the jaw) and move it forward/backward and laterally, facilitating biting and chewing. Other muscles are responsible for opening the jaw, namely the geniohyoid , mylohyoid , and digastric muscles (the lateral pterygoid may play a role).
The mandible has two main holes , found on both its left and right sides: The mandibular foramen, is above the mandibular angle in the middle of each ramus. The mental foramen sits on either side of the mental protuberance (chin) on the body of mandible, usually inferior to the apices of the mandibular first and second premolars. As mandibular ...
The mylohyoid muscle elevates the hyoid bone and the tongue. This is particularly important during swallowing and speaking. Alternatively, if other muscles are used to keep the position of the hyoid bone fixed, then the mylohyoid muscle depresses the mandible. [1] It also functions as reinforcing the floor of mouth. [1]
Diagram of medial surface of the mandible, showing the slanting attachment of mylohyoid (the mylohyoid line). This arrangement means that the apices of posterior teeth are more likely to be below the level of mylohyoid. Left submandibular space (right side shown with digastric muscle removed).
The stylomandibular ligament is the thickened posterior portion of the investing cervical fascia around the neck. It extends from near the apex of the styloid process of the temporal bone to the angle and posterior border of the angle of the mandible, between the masseter muscle and medial pterygoid muscle.
This site is at the apex of the maximum curvature of the mandible, where the ascending ramus becomes the body of the mandible. The mandibular angle has been named as a forensic tool for gender determination, but some studies have called into question whether there is any significant sex difference in humans in the angle. [2] [3]