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Python sets are very much like mathematical sets, and support operations like set intersection and union. Python also features a frozenset class for immutable sets, see Collection types. Dictionaries (class dict) are mutable mappings tying keys and corresponding values. Python has special syntax to create dictionaries ({key: value})
The dictionary problem is the classic problem of designing efficient data structures that implement associative arrays. [2] The two major solutions to the dictionary problem are hash tables and search trees .
Initialize a counter, c, to zero, . Initialize an efficient dictionary data structure, D , such as hash table or search tree in which insertion and membership can be performed quickly. For each element x i {\displaystyle x_{i}} , a membership query is issued.
Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation. [33] Python is dynamically type-checked and garbage-collected. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including structured (particularly procedural), object-oriented and functional ...
Python's tuple assignment, fully available in its foreach loop, also makes it trivial to iterate on (key, value) pairs in dictionaries: for key , value in some_dict . items (): # Direct iteration on a dict iterates on its keys # Do stuff
Trie data structures are commonly used in predictive text or autocomplete dictionaries, and approximate matching algorithms. [11] Tries enable faster searches, occupy less space, especially when the set contains large number of short strings, thus used in spell checking , hyphenation applications and longest prefix match algorithms.
Python dictionaries (a form of associative array) can also be directly iterated over, when the dictionary keys are returned; or the items() method of a dictionary can be iterated over where it yields corresponding key,value pairs as a tuple:
Pseudocode is commonly used in textbooks and scientific publications related to computer science and numerical computation to describe algorithms in a way that is accessible to programmers regardless of their familiarity with specific programming languages.