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Hekla (Icelandic pronunciation: ⓘ), or Hecla, [2] [3] is an active stratovolcano in the south of Iceland with a height of 1,491 m (4,892 ft). Hekla is one of Iceland's most active volcanoes; over 20 eruptions have occurred in and around the volcano since the year 1210. [4]
Circa 1,000-900 BC - Hekla (H3) is considered the most severe eruption of Hekla during the Holocene. which threw about 7.3 cubic kilometres (1.8 cu mi) of volcanic rock into the atmosphere, placing its Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) at 5.
An eruption on 18 September 1952 killed 31 researchers and crewmen aboard the Maritime Safety Agency survey ship No.5 Kaiyo-Maru. [166] 3 Hibok-Hibok [167] Philippines 1951 500-2,000+ This eruption was a turning point for the Philippine government to establish a dedicated agency to focus on volcanoes and its activities.
The Hekla 3 eruption (H-3) c. 1000 BC is considered the most severe eruption of Hekla during the Holocene. [2] It threw about 7.3 km 3 of volcanic rock into the atmosphere, placing its Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) at 5. This would have caused a volcanic winter, cooling temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere for several years afterwards.
Iceland has four volcanic zones: Reykjanes (Mid-Atlantic Ridge), [75] West and North Volcanic Zones (RVZ, WVZ, NVZ) and the East Volcanic Zone (EVZ). The Mid-Iceland Belt (MIB) connects them across central Iceland. There are two intraplate belts too (Öræfajökull (ÖVB) and Snæfellsnes (SVB)). Iceland's East Volcanic Zone: the central ...
3.2 Hekla. 3.3 Laki ... Bárðarbunga is a stratovolcano and is roughly 2,000 metres ... List of volcanic eruptions in Iceland since 1900, Icelandic Met Office
The southern tip of the EVZ propagating rift is an off rift region called the South Iceland volcanic zone (SIVZ), that often has more evolved magma and thus explosive eruptions. [68] North of Iceland, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is called Kolbeinsey Ridge (KR) and is connected to the NVZ via the Tjörnes fracture zone (TFZ).
The Hekla 3 eruption of about 1200 BC, contemporary with the historical Bronze Age collapse; The Hatepe eruption (sometimes referred to as the Taupō eruption), around AD 180; The winter of 536 has been linked to the effects of a volcanic eruption, possibly at Krakatoa, or of Ilopango in El Salvador