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Function names are often of the form p.myFunctionName, where p is the table from the return p at the bottom of your program. The reason for this is that you can only access functions that are entries in this table from the original #invoke statement. Functions for local use within the program can have any name.
Scribunto Lua reference manual; Programming in Lua; Introduction to Lua patterns; About regex. Lua "patterns" are based on Regex (Patterns are a reduced set of regex). Help:Lua metamodules: Lua in Wikipedia has several meta-modules available that can make core functions easily available.
Most functions in the module have a version for Lua and a version for #invoke. It is possible to use the #invoke functions from other Lua modules, but using the Lua functions has the advantage that you do not need to access a Lua frame object. Lua functions are preceded by _, whereas #invoke functions are not.
This module provides utilities for declaring classes in Lua code. It creates global variables, so must be called before require ( 'strict' ) if that is used. The above documentation is transcluded from Module:Lua class/doc .
Non-local variables are the primary reason it is difficult to support nested, anonymous, higher-order and thereby first-class functions in a programming language. If the nested function or functions are (mutually) recursive, it becomes hard for the compiler to know exactly where on the call stack the non-local variable was allocated, as the frame pointer only points to the local variable of ...
In lists of links such as inside infoboxes and navboxes, use a horizontal list (perhaps via the template {}) to format lists. For occasional cases where you need to delineate two pieces of text outside of a list, you can use the templates {{·}} or {{•}} which contain a before the dot, thus handling some of the wrapping problems.
Help:Lua for beginners; Help:Lua debugging – about debugging Lua modules; Wikipedia:Lua style guide – standards to improve the readability of code through consistency; Module:Sandbox provides a pseudo-namespace for experimenting with Lua modules
Also, all Lua in the page is limited to 10 seconds CPU time (you can look in the source code of a rendered page to see how long a template or module took to parse). And relative to standard Lua, Scribunto's Lua lacks all sorts of functions (see mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual § Differences from standard Lua).