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The Haṭha Ratnāvalī is a Haṭha yoga text written in the 17th century by Srinivasa. [1] It states (1.17-18) that asanas, breath retentions, and seals assist in Haṭha yoga. [2] It mentions 8 purifications , criticising the Hatha Yoga Pradipika for only describing 6 of these. [3]
The Dattātreyayogaśāstra is the first text to describe and teach yoga as having three types, namely mantra yoga, laya yoga, and hatha yoga. All three lead to samadhi , the goal of raja yoga . Mantra yoga consists simply of repeating mantras until powers ( siddhis ) are obtained.
[3] [4] Some hatha yoga style techniques can be traced back at least to the 1st-century CE, in texts such as the Hindu Sanskrit epics and Buddhism's Pali canon. [5] The oldest dated text so far found to describe hatha yoga, the 11th-century Amṛtasiddhi, comes from a tantric Buddhist milieu. [6]
The Amṛtasiddhi is the earliest systematic and well-structured Sanskrit text about what came to be called Hatha yoga. It states that it was written by Madhavacandra. It was probably composed somewhere in the Deccan region of India by the late 11th century CE.
The Gorakṣaśataka is an early text on Haṭha yoga text from the 11th-12th century, attributed to the sage Gorakṣa. It was the first to teach a technique for raising Kundalini called "the stimulation of Sarasvati", along with elaborate pranayama, breath control. It was written for an audience of ascetics.
Covers of the Yogabija, the "Seed of Yoga", an early Haṭha yoga text. The Yogabīja (Sanskrit: योगबीज, "Seed of Yoga" [1]) is an early Haṭha yoga text, from around the 14th century. [2] It was the first text to propose the derivation of haṭha from the Sanskrit words for sun and moon, with multiple esoteric interpretations.
The earliest definition of hatha yoga is in the 11th-century Buddhist text Vimalaprabha. [233] Hatha yoga blends elements of Patanjali's Yoga Sutras with posture and breathing exercises. [ 234 ] It marks the development of asanas into the full-body postures in current popular use [ 219 ] and, with its modern variations, is the style presently ...
The Hatha Yoga Pradipika is the hatha yoga text that has historically been studied within yoga teacher training programmes, alongside texts on classical yoga such as Patanjali's Yoga Sutras. [7] In the twenty-first century, research on the history of yoga has led to a more developed understanding of hatha yoga's origins. [8]