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Lead tetrachloride, also known as lead(IV) chloride, has the molecular formula PbCl 4. It is a yellow, oily liquid which is stable below 0 °C, and decomposes at 50 °C. [2] It has a tetrahedral configuration, with lead as the central atom. The Pb–Cl covalent bonds have been measured to be 247 pm and the bond energy is 243 kJ⋅mol −1. [4]
Lead perchlorate trihydrate is produced by the reaction of lead(II) oxide, lead carbonate, or lead nitrate by perchloric acid: . Pb(NO 3) 2 + HClO 4 → Pb(ClO 4) 2 + HNO 3. The excess perchloric acid was removed by first heating the solution to 125 °C, then heating it under moist air at 160 °C to remove the perchloric acid by converting the acid to the dihydrate.
Compounds of lead exist with lead in two main oxidation states: +2 and +4. The former is more common. Inorganic lead(IV) compounds are typically strong oxidants or exist only in highly acidic solutions. [1] Red α-PbO and yellow β-PbO The mixed valence oxide Pb 3 O 4 Black PbO 2 which is a strong oxidizer
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
Perchlorate compounds oxidize organic compounds, especially when the mixture is heated. The explosive decomposition of ammonium perchlorate is catalyzed by metals and heat. [14] As perchlorate is a weak Lewis base (i.e., a weak electron pair donor) and a weak nucleophilic anion, it is also a very weakly coordinating anion. [14]
In moist air it turns into green vitriol, FeSO 4. Massicot – lead monoxide. PbO; Litharge – lead monoxide, formed by fusing and powdering massicot. Minium/red lead – trilead tetroxide, Pb 3 O 4; formed by roasting litharge in air. Naples yellow/cassel yellow – oxychloride of lead, formed by heating litharge with sal ammoniac.
Lead oxides are a group of inorganic compounds with formulas including lead (Pb) and oxygen (O). Common lead oxides include: Lead(II) oxide, PbO, litharge (red), massicot (yellow) Lead tetroxide or red lead, Pb 3 O 4, minium, which is a lead (II,IV) oxide and may be thought of as lead(II) orthoplumbate(IV) [Pb 2+] 2 [PbO 4− 4], vivid orange ...
Chlorate is the common name of the ClO − 3 anion, whose chlorine atom is in the +5 oxidation state.The term can also refer to chemical compounds containing this anion, with chlorates being the salts of chloric acid.