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Mongolia [b] is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of 1,564,116 square kilometres (603,909 square miles), with a population of 3.5 million, making it the world's most sparsely populated sovereign state .
In that same year, Mongolia participated in the Seoul Olympic Games, making its final appearance as a communist nation. In 1989, Mongolian newspapers called for an "objective and realistic evaluation" of Mongolian–Soviet relations. [1] On 10 December 1989 (Human Rights Day), young people began demonstrating for political freedom in Ulaanbaatar.
[9] [10] Mongolia is in the process of transitioning from its status as a developing country to a nation with a developing economy. [11] [12] According to the Human Development Index, conditions in Mongolia have been improving in recent years, but its ranking on the Human Poverty Index has dropped further due to the privatization of the ...
A report by the UN Special Rapporteur on Extreme Poverty and Human Rights Mongolia indicated in December 2012 that while Mongolia "is currently experiencing a major resource boom and the country is on the brink of one of the most dramatic transformations in its history," with the mining of mineral wealth and foreign investment "expected to ...
Mongolia held its first democratic elections in 1990, following a peaceful 1990 revolution. [5] [6] From 1921 to 1990, Mongolia was a communist single-party state under the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. [7] Historically, Mongolian politics has been influenced by its two large neighbors, Russia and China. [8] [9]
Definitions of the poverty line vary considerably among nations. For example, rich nations generally employ more generous standards of poverty than poor nations. Even among rich nations, the standards differ greatly. Thus, the numbers are not comparable among countries. Even when nations do use the same method, some issues may remain. [10]
The landlocked developing countries (LLDC) are developing countries that are landlocked. [1] Due to the economic and other disadvantages suffered by such countries, the majority of landlocked countries are least developed countries (LDCs), with inhabitants of these countries occupying the bottom billion tier of the world's population in terms of poverty. [2]
The Qing dynasty (1644–1912) controlled modern-day Mongolia, Tuva, Western Mongolia, and Inner Mongolia. [6] However, before the People's Republic of China (1949–present) greatly expanded the territory of Inner Mongolia to its present shape, Inner Mongolia only referred to the Mongol areas within the Chinese provinces of Ningxia, Suiyuan, and Chahar.