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Vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) occurs when blood flow to the back of your brain lessens or ends. This part of your brain controls movement and balance, so VBI can lead to difficulty swallowing, dizziness and numbness. Hardening of your arteries (atherosclerosis) usually causes VBI.
The vertebral arteries provide blood to the brain and spine, keeping the nervous system healthy. Vertebral artery stenosis, or vertebrobasilar insufficiency, is the result of plaque collecting in the arteries. The plaque makes the arteries narrow, slowing blood flow.
Vertebral artery injury is an important cause of stroke and transient ischemic attack, particularly in younger patients. The vertebral arteries perfuse the posterior fossa so the patient will present with stroke symptoms consistent with posterior circulation deficits.
MRI showing high grade vertebral artery stenosis on the right. There is also Carotid artery occlusion on the right. The gold standard in vertebral artery imaging still remains digital subtraction angiography.
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) is defined by inadequate blood flow through the posterior circulation of the brain, supplied by the 2 vertebral arteries that merge to form the basilar artery. The vertebrobasilar arteries supply the cerebellum, medulla, midbrain, and occipital cortex.
Twenty percent of ischemic events in the brain involve posterior circulation (vertebrobasilar) structures. This topic will review the major clinical syndromes associated with posterior circulation ischemia related to stenosis or occlusion of the large aortic arch, neck, and intracranial arteries.
Vertebral artery dissection may occur due to blunt trauma that results in the separation of the arterial wall layers. In the case of the vertebral artery, stenosis is usually the subintimal dissection, leading to an intramural hematoma and subsequently resulting in stenosis or occlusion.
Approximately one‐quarter of ischaemic strokes involve the posterior or vertebrobasilar circulation. 1,2 Stenosis of the vertebral artery can occur in either its extra‐ or intracranial portions, and may account for up to 20% of posterior circulation ischaemic strokes. 3–6 Stenotic lesions, particularly at the origin of the vertebral artery, are ...
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency is a condition characterized by poor blood flow to the posterior (back) portion of the brain, which is fed by two vertebral arteries that join to become the basilar artery. Blockage of these arteries occurs over time through a process called atherosclerosis, or the build-up of plaque.
Narrowing or occlusion of the vertebral arteries may be caused by atherosclerosis, dissection, thrombosis, compression, and fibromuscular dysplasia. Vertebral artery disease can lead to reduced blood flow to the brainstem and cerebellum, resulting in a range of...