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Estrogen also has protective effects against osteopenia/osteoporosis as well as cardiovascular health and urogenital atrophy later in life. [39] Progesterone therapy is added after 12 months of estrogen or after menstruation has begun, whichever comes first, which decreases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and subsequent cancer. [ 40 ]
In women, low levels of estrogen may cause symptoms such as hot flashes, sleeping disturbances, decreased bone health, [3] and changes in the genitourinary system. Hypoestrogenism is most commonly found in women who are postmenopausal , have primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), or are presenting with amenorrhea (absence of menstrual periods ).
Men with low serum testosterone levels should have other hormones checked, particularly luteinizing hormone to help determine why their testosterone levels are low and help choose the most appropriate treatment (most notably, testosterone is usually not appropriate for secondary or tertiary forms of male hypogonadism, in which the LH levels are ...
Women’s bodies go through many changes in menopause and the years leading up to it, known as perimenopause. This natural step in the aging process marks the end of the reproductive years. In ...
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Estrogen may play a role in how lush your hair is, but there are steps you can take to get healthy hair, even if you have low estrogen. Maintain thicker, healthier hair by: Checking in with your ...
Estrogen insensitivity syndrome (EIS), or estrogen resistance, is a form of congenital estrogen deficiency or hypoestrogenism [2] which is caused by a defective estrogen receptor (ER) – specifically, the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) – that results in an inability of estrogen to mediate its biological effects in the body. [3]
The prevalence of gynecomastia in men may have increased in recent years, but the epidemiology of the disorder is not fully understood. [40] The use of anabolic steroids and exposure to chemicals that mimic estrogen in cosmetic products, organochlorine pesticides , and industrial chemicals have been suggested as possible factors driving this ...