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An electron donating group (EDG) or electron releasing group (ERG, Z in structural formulas) is an atom or functional group that donates some of its electron density into a conjugated π system via resonance (mesomerism) or inductive effects (or induction)—called +M or +I effects, respectively—thus making the π system more nucleophilic.
The rate of the addition reaction was accelerated by the following EDGs in increasing order: H < CH 3 < OCH 2 CH 3. When R = OCH 2 CH 3, the rate of the reaction is the fastest because the reaction has the smallest energy of activation (ΔG ‡). The ethoxy and cyano groups are able to delocalize the radical ion in the transition state, thus ...
In Organic chemistry, the inductive effect in a molecule is a local change in the electron density due to electron-withdrawing or electron-donating groups elsewhere in the molecule, resulting in a permanent dipole in a bond. [1] It is present in a σ (sigma) bond, unlike the electromeric effect which is present in a π (pi) bond.
You may be familiar with the Environmental Working Group (EWG) because they release a list of the most pesticide-filled produce every year called The Dirty Dozen. They also establish the produce ...
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In organic chemistry, the term stereoelectronic effect is also used to emphasize the relation between the electronic structure and the geometry (stereochemistry) of a molecule. The term polar effect is sometimes used to refer to electronic effects, but also may have the more narrow definition of effects resulting from non-conjugated substituents.
Aminomethyl propanol is used for the preparation of buffer solutions. [3] It is a component of the drugs ambuphylline and pamabrom.It is also used in cosmetics. [2]It is a precursor to oxazolines via its reaction with acyl chlorides. [5]
The modification results in bonds between the structural polymeric components, significantly reducing the ability of the -OH groups to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. This effectively "locks" the cellular walls, minimizing the capacity of wood to absorb water and enhancing its dimensional stability.