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Stress fractures can be described as small cracks in the bone, or hairline fractures. Stress fractures of the foot are sometimes called "march fractures" because of the injury's prevalence among heavily marching soldiers. [2] Stress fractures most frequently occur in weight-bearing bones of the lower extremities, such as the tibia and fibula ...
March fracture is the fracture of the distal third of one of the metatarsal bones occurring because of recurrent stress. It is more common in soldiers, but also occurs in hikers, organists, and other people whose duties entail much standing (such as hospital doctors).
In contrast, stress fracture pain is localized to the fracture site. [6] Women are several times more likely to progress to stress fractures from shin splints. [7] [8] [9] This is due in part to women having a higher incidence of diminished bone density and osteoporosis. [10] [citation needed]
Among young athletes, a common form of overuse injury is stress fractures, which include injuries of the: femoral neck/pubis; femoral shaft; tibia; fibula; metatarsals; calcaneus; cuboid 'Over-training Syndrome' is a term that has been used to describe athletes who, while training for competition, train beyond the body's ability to recover ...
Similar conditions include stress fractures and tendinitis. [1] Treatment may include physical therapy or, if that fails, surgery. [1] ACS is an emergency, and outcome largely depends on the time to diagnosis and treatment. [12] If treated within 3 hours, the prognosis is favorable. [12] Complications and permanent damage can occur. [13]
[1] [2] Types of ankle fractures include lateral malleolus, medial malleolus, posterior malleolus, bimalleolar, and trimalleolar fractures. [1] The Ottawa ankle rule can help determine the need for X-rays. [2] Special X-ray views called stress views help determine whether an ankle fracture is unstable. Treatment depends on the fracture type.
A bone fracture may be the result of high force impact or stress, or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, bone cancer, or osteogenesis imperfecta, where the fracture is then properly termed a pathologic fracture. [3]
In fracture mechanics, the stress intensity factor (K) is used to predict the stress state ("stress intensity") near the tip of a crack or notch caused by a remote load or residual stresses. [1] It is a theoretical construct usually applied to a homogeneous, linear elastic material and is useful for providing a failure criterion for brittle ...