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The Roman emperor Constantine the Great was one of the first major figures to believe that Eclogue 4 was a pre-Christian augury concerning Jesus Christ. [9]According to Classicist Domenico Comparetti, in the early Christian era, "A certain theological doctrine, supported by various passages of [Judeo-Christian] scripture, induced men to look for prophets of Christ among the Gentiles". [10]
The Council of Jerusalem or Apostolic Council is a council described in chapter 15 of the Acts of the Apostles, held in Jerusalem c. AD 48–50.. The council decided that Gentiles who converted to Christianity were not obligated to keep most of the rules prescribed to the Jews by the Mosaic Law, such as Jewish dietary laws and other specific rituals, including the rules concerning circumcision ...
The inclusion of Gentiles is reflected in Luke-Acts, which is an attempt to answer a theological problem, namely how the Messiah of the Jews came to have an overwhelmingly non-Jewish church; the answer it provides, and its central theme, is that the message of Christ was sent to the Gentiles because the Jews rejected it. [201]
For Paul, Jesus' death and resurrection solved this problem of the exclusion of the gentiles from God's covenant. [24] 'Dying for our sins' refers to the problem of gentile Torah-observers, who, despite their faithfulness, cannot fully observe commandments, including circumcision, and are therefore 'sinners', excluded from God's covenant. [25]
Paul's "Road to Damascus" conversion to "Apostle to the Gentiles" is first recorded in Acts 9:13–16, cf. Gal 1:11–24; Peter baptizes the Roman Centurion Cornelius, who is traditionally considered the first Gentile convert to Christianity ; The Antioch church is founded, where the term Christian was first used
Christ with the Two Thieves by Fra Angelico c. 1437 – c. 1446. After three years of ministry, Jesus was crucified as a messianic pretender and insurgent. Paul, writing around 20 years after Jesus' death, provides the earliest account of the resurrection of Jesus in 1 Corinthians 15:3–8. [32]
Although Paul had to fight against groups in his churches who rejected or distorted his law-free mission to the Gentiles, he did not identify their missionaries as his enemies (including the "super-apostles" in 2 Cor 11:5;12:11), but always recognized the primacy of the early church: This is confirmed by his collection for them in his letter to ...
Most Christians believe that Jesus was both human and the Son of God. While there have been theological debate over the nature of Jesus, Trinitarian Christians generally believe that Jesus is God incarnate, God the Son, and "true God and true man" (or both fully divine and fully human). Jesus, having become fully human in all respects, suffered ...