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Geovisualization is closely related to other visualization fields, such as scientific visualization [1] and information visualization. [2] Owing to its roots in cartography, geovisualization contributes to these other fields by way of the map metaphor, which "has been widely used to visualize non-geographic information in the domains of information visualization and domain knowledge ...
The distinction must be made between a singular geographic information system, which is a single installation of software and data for a particular use, along with associated hardware, staff, and institutions (e.g., the GIS for a particular city government); and GIS software, a general-purpose application program that is intended to be used in ...
A GIS software program is a computer program to support the use of a geographic information system, providing the ability to create, store, manage, query, analyze, and visualize geographic data, that is, data representing phenomena for which location is important.
To design and develop computer software for the analysis and graphic display of spatial data. To distribute the resulting software to governmental agencies, educational organizations and interested professionals. To conduct research concerning the definition and analysis of spatial structure and process." [8]
"Geodesign is a design and planning method which tightly couples the creation of design proposals with impact simulations informed by geographic contexts." [ 2 ] Now, it is also used during realization and maintenance phases and to facilitate re-use of for example buildings or industrial areas.
Geographic information science (GIScience, GISc) or geoinformation science is a scientific discipline at the crossroads of computational science, social science, and natural science that studies geographic information, including how it represents phenomena in the real world, how it represents the way humans understand the world, and how it can be captured, organized, and analyzed.
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Web GIS (also known as Web-Based GIS), or Web Geographic Information Systems, are GIS that employ the World Wide Web to facilitate the storage, visualization, analysis, and distribution of spatial information over the Internet.