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The XOR operator is extremely common as a component in more complex ciphers. By itself, using a constant repeating key, a simple XOR cipher can trivially be broken using frequency analysis. If the content of any message can be guessed or otherwise known then the key can be revealed.
Using the XOR swap algorithm to exchange nibbles between variables without the use of temporary storage. In computer programming, the exclusive or swap (sometimes shortened to XOR swap) is an algorithm that uses the exclusive or bitwise operation to swap the values of two variables without using the temporary variable which is normally required.
XOR can be used to swap two numeric variables in computers, using the XOR swap algorithm; however this is regarded as more of a curiosity and not encouraged in practice. XOR linked lists leverage XOR properties in order to save space to represent doubly linked list data structures.
Internally, the cipher uses bitwise addition ⊕ (exclusive OR), 32-bit addition mod 2 32 ⊞, and constant-distance rotation operations <<< on an internal state of sixteen 32-bit words. Using only add-rotate-xor operations avoids the possibility of timing attacks in software implementations. The internal state is made of sixteen 32-bit words ...
Encrypt (K, data): use the underlying block cipher in encrypt mode on the 'data' string using the key K. Decrypt (K, data): use the underlying block cipher in decrypt mode on the 'data' string using the key K. XOR: Bitwise Exclusive-OR. Equivalent to bitwise addition without use of a carry bit. ||: Concatenation operator.
The function operates by combining each byte with the binary pattern 00101010 using the exclusive or (XOR) operation. This effects a simple XOR cipher . Like ROT13, XOR (and therefore memfrob() ) is self-reciprocal, and provides a similar, virtually absent, level of security.
XOR/table Paul Hsieh's SuperFastHash [1] 32 bits Buzhash: variable XOR/table Fowler–Noll–Vo hash function (FNV Hash) 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, or 1024 bits xor/product or product/XOR Jenkins hash function: 32 or 64 bits XOR/addition Bernstein's hash djb2 [2] 32 or 64 bits shift/add or mult/add or shift/add/xor or mult/xor PJW hash / Elf Hash ...
As an alternative to the XOR-based feedback in an LFSR, one can also use XNOR. [2] This function is an affine map, not strictly a linear map, but it results in an equivalent polynomial counter whose state is the complement of the state of an LFSR. A state with all ones is illegal when using an XNOR feedback, in the same way as a state with all ...