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The Iberian Peninsula (IPA: / aɪ ˈ b ɪər i ə n / eye-BEER-ee-ən), [a] also known as Iberia, [b] is a peninsula in south-western Europe.Mostly separated from the rest of the European landmass by the Pyrenees, it includes the territories of Peninsular Spain [c] and Continental Portugal, comprising most of the region, as well as the tiny adjuncts of Andorra, Gibraltar, and, pursuant to the ...
The Iberian Peninsula was originally occupied by peoples of different origins (Indo-European, Iberian or of unknown ethnogeny such as Cantabri, Varduli and Vascones).These peoples did not carry out any administrative division, organizing themselves as cities or tribes independent of each other.
The Roman Republic conquered and occupied territories in the Iberian Peninsula that were previously under the control of native Celtic, Iberian, Celtiberian and Aquitanian tribes and the Carthaginian Empire. The Carthaginian territories in the south and east of the peninsula were conquered in 206 BC during the Second Punic War. Control was ...
The history of Spain dates to contact between the pre-Roman peoples of the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula with the Greeks and Phoenicians. During Classical Antiquity , the peninsula was the site of multiple successive colonizations of Greeks, Carthaginians , and Romans.
In 720, the caliph even considered abandoning the territory. [22] The conquest was followed by a period of several hundred years during which most of the Iberian peninsula was known as al-Andalus, dominated by Muslim rulers. [11]
The famous bust of the "Lady of Elche", probably a priestess."Warrior of Moixent" Iberian (Edetan) ex-voto statuette, 2nd to 4th centuries BC, found in Edeta. The Iberians (Latin: Hibērī, from Greek: Ἴβηρες, Iberes) were an ancient people settled in the eastern and southern coasts of the Iberian Peninsula, at least from the 6th century BCE.
A study published in 2019 using samples of 271 Iberians spanning prehistoric and historic times proposes the following inflexion points in Iberian genomic history: [29] Mesolithic: hunter-gatherers from the European Steppes of Western Russia, Georgia and Ukraine are the first humans to settle the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula.
Step by step, Iranian beliefs and ways of life penetrated deeply the practices of the Iberian court and elite: the Armazian script and “language,” which is based on Aramaic (see Tsereteli), was adopted officially (a number of inscriptions in Aramaic of the Classical/Hellenistic periods are known from Colchis as well); [29] the court was ...