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l-Glucose is an organic compound with formula C 6 H 12 O 6 or O=CH[CH(OH)] 5 H, specifically one of the aldohexose monosaccharides. As the l-isomer of glucose, it is the enantiomer of the more common d-glucose. l-Glucose does not occur naturally in living organisms, but can be synthesized in the laboratory.
Lactose, or milk sugar, is a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose and has the molecular formula C 12 H 22 O 11.Lactose makes up around 2–8% of milk (by mass). The name comes from lact (gen. lactis), the Latin word for milk, plus the suffix -ose used to name sugars.
It is used as a high-fructose syrup, which is manufactured from hydrolyzed corn starch that has been processed to yield corn syrup, with enzymes then added to convert part of the glucose into fructose. [73] Galactose generally does not occur in the free state but is a constituent with glucose of the disaccharide lactose or milk sugar. It is ...
Galactose (/ ɡ ə ˈ l æ k t oʊ s /, galacto-+ -ose, "milk sugar"), sometimes abbreviated Gal, is a monosaccharide sugar that is about as sweet as glucose, and about 65% as sweet as sucrose. [2] It is an aldohexose and a C-4 epimer of glucose. [3] A galactose molecule linked with a glucose molecule forms a lactose molecule.
There are three common naming conventions for specifying one of the two enantiomers (the absolute configuration) of a given chiral molecule: the R/S system is based on the geometry of the molecule; the (+)- and (−)- system (also written using the obsolete equivalents d- and l-) is based on its optical rotation properties; and the D/L system is based on the molecule's relationship to ...
In carbohydrate chemistry, a pair of anomers (from Greek ἄνω 'up, above' and μέρος 'part') is a pair of near-identical stereoisomers or diastereomers that differ at only the anomeric carbon, the carbon atom that bears the aldehyde or ketone functional group in the sugar's open-chain form.
Even though they share the same molar weight, glucose is more stable than galactose. This difference in stability causes galactose to be absorbed slightly faster than glucose in human body. [4] [5] Diastereoselectivity is the preference for the formation of one or more than one diastereomer over the other in an organic reaction.
In general, only one of the two enantiomers occurs naturally (for example, D-glucose) and can be metabolized by animals or fermented by yeasts. The term "hexose" sometimes is assumed to include deoxyhexoses , such as fucose and rhamnose : compounds with general formula C 6 H 12 O 6− y that can be described as derived from hexoses by ...