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Popcorn ceiling texture. A popcorn ceiling, also known as a stipple ceiling or acoustic ceiling, is a ceiling with one of a variety of spray-on or paint-on treatments. [1] The bumpy surface is created by tiny particles of vermiculite or polystyrene, which gives the ceiling sound-deadening properties. Mixtures are available in fine, medium, and ...
To make transportation easier, wood preparation usually was done before shipment. Large labor crews were involved, and vigas were transported from the mountains by teams of oxen. [10] Some construction historians have mentioned the use of latillas under the vigas for carrying poles. [11] Wood cutting was an important aspect of material production.
Until 1984, [4] the Artex coating was made with white asbestos (Chrysotile) to strengthen it. This material is only harmful when in a powder form, such as when being sanded or while drilling holes, and poses no risk while it is undisturbed on ceilings or walls and covered with emulsion paint.
A water-based primer, used primarily on wood. A primer (/ ˈ p r aɪ m ər /) or undercoat is a preparatory coating put on materials before painting.Priming ensures better adhesion of paint to the surface, increases paint durability, and provides additional protection for the material being painted.
Staining should enhance the appearance of wood by reducing colour variation between and within sapwood and heartwood. It also provides a way of giving bland looking woods such as poplar, the appearance of prized furniture woods such as ebony, mahogany or walnut. Wood can be stained using dyes or pigmented finishes. These finishes are available ...
for making surfaces like the walls of a house smooth before painting them and for making ornamental designs on the ceilings of houses and other buildings. [19] (see Plaster In decorative architecture) for making toys, decorative materials, cheap ornaments, cosmetics, and black-board chalk. [19] a fire-proofing material. [19] (see Plaster in ...
Knockdown texture is a drywall finishing style. It is a mottled texture, it has more changes in textures than a simple flat finish, but less changes than orange peel, or popcorn, texture. Heavy knockdown applied with a spray hopper. Knockdown texture is created by watering down joint compound to a soupy consistency.
For centuries, it was thought that wooden coffers were first made by crossing the wooden beams of a ceiling in the Loire Valley châteaux of the early Renaissance. [6] In 2012, however, archaeologists working under the Packard Humanities Institute at the House of the Telephus in Herculaneum discovered that wooden coffered ceilings were ...