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In contrast, the sleep issues studied here include excessive daytime sleepiness (falling asleep during meals or social activities) and a marked lack of enthusiasm for daily tasks,” Dr. Porter said.
Treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) relies on identifying and treating the underlying disorder which may cure the person from the EDS. Drugs like modafinil , [ 22 ] armodafinil , [ 23 ] pitolisant [ 24 ] (Wakix), sodium oxybate (Xyrem) oral solution, have been approved as treatment for EDS symptoms in the United States.
Excessive daytime sleepiness, characterized by persistent sleepiness throughout the day and often a general lack of energy, even during the day after apparently adequate or even prolonged nighttime sleep. People with EDS nap repeatedly throughout the day and have strong urges to sleep while driving, working, eating, or conversing with others. [13]
Hypersomnia is a pathological state characterized by a lack of alertness during the waking episodes of the day. [3] It is not to be confused with fatigue , which is a normal physiological state. [ 4 ]
Increases alertness. A nap is so helpful for staying awake and alert that the National Transportation Safety Board recommends pulling over and taking a 20-minute nap if you feel drowsy while ...
Other symptoms that may occur during PEM include cognitive impairment, flu-like symptoms, pain, weakness, and trouble sleeping. [6] [4] Though typically cast as a worsening of existing symptoms, patients may experience some symptoms exclusively during PEM. [6] Patients often describe PEM as a "crash", "relapse", or "setback". [6]
Sleep apnea is a serious disorder that has symptoms of both insomnia and sleep deprivation, among other symptoms like excessive daytime sleepiness, abrupt awakenings, and difficulty concentrating. [131] It is a sleep related breathing disorder that can cause partial or complete obstruction of the upper airways during sleep. [132]
Fatigue is a state of tiredness (which is not sleepiness), exhaustion [1] or loss of energy. [2] [3]Fatigue (in the medical sense) is sometimes associated with medical conditions including autoimmune disease, organ failure, chronic pain conditions, mood disorders, heart disease, infectious diseases, and post-infectious-disease states. [4]
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