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Minimum internal temperatures are set as follows: [citation needed] 165 °F (74 °C) for 15 seconds. Poultry (such as whole or ground chicken, turkey, or duck) Stuffed meats, fish, poultry, and pasta; Any previously cooked foods that are reheated from a temperature below 135 °F (57 °C), provided they have been refrigerated or warm less than 2 ...
A meat thermometer or cooking thermometer is a thermometer used to measure the internal temperature of meat, especially roasts and steaks, and other cooked foods. The degree of "doneness" of meat or bread correlates closely with the internal temperature, so that a thermometer reading indicates when it is cooked as desired.
As meat cooks, the iron atom loses an electron, moving to a +3 oxidation state and coordinating with a water molecule (H 2 O), which causes the meat to turn brown. Searing raises the meat's surface temperature to 150 °C (302 °F), yielding browning via the caramelization of sugars and the Maillard reaction of amino acids.
Jaws allow fish to eat a wide variety of food, including plants and other organisms. Fish ingest food through the mouth and break it down in the esophagus. In the stomach, food is further digested and, in many fish, processed in finger-shaped pouches called pyloric caeca, which secrete digestive enzymes and absorb nutrients.
Carryover cooking (sometimes referred to as resting) is when foods are halted from actively cooking and allowed to equilibrate under their own retained heat.Because foods such as meats are typically measured for cooking temperature near the center of mass, stopping cooking at a given central temperature means that the outer layers of the food will be at higher temperature than that measured.
Low-temperature cooking is a cooking technique that uses temperatures in the range of about 60 to 90 °C (140 to 194 °F) [1] for a prolonged time to cook food. Low-temperature cooking methods include sous vide cooking, slow cooking using a slow cooker, cooking in a normal oven which has a minimal setting of about 70 °C (158 °F), and using a combi steamer providing exact temperature control.
The popularity of such raw fish dishes makes it important for consumers to be aware of this risk. Raw fish should be frozen to an internal temperature of −20 °C (−4 °F) for at least 7 days to kill parasites; home freezers may not be cold enough. [47] [48]
Salmon being poached with onion and bay leaves. Poaching is a cooking technique that involves heating food submerged in a liquid, such as water, milk, stock or wine.Poaching is differentiated from the other "moist heat" cooking methods, such as simmering and boiling, in that it uses a relatively lower temperature (about 70–80 °C or 158–176 °F). [1]