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A mathematical constant is a key number whose value is fixed by an unambiguous definition, often referred to by a symbol (e.g., an alphabet letter), or by mathematicians' names to facilitate using it across multiple mathematical problems. [1]
For any integer n, n ≡ 1 (mod 2) if and only if 3n + 1 ≡ 4 (mod 6). Equivalently, n − 1 / 3 ≡ 1 (mod 2) if and only if n ≡ 4 (mod 6). Conjecturally, this inverse relation forms a tree except for the 1–2–4 loop (the inverse of the 4–2–1 loop of the unaltered function f defined in the Statement of the problem section of ...
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) or gluten sensitivity [14] is a controversial disorder which can cause both gastrointestinal and other problems. NCGS is included in the spectrum of gluten-related disorders. [3] [4] The definition and diagnostic criteria of non-celiac gluten sensitivity were debated and established by three consensus ...
where f (2k−1) is the (2k − 1)th derivative of f and B 2k is the (2k)th Bernoulli number: B 2 = 1 / 6 , B 4 = − + 1 / 30 , and so on. Setting f ( x ) = x , the first derivative of f is 1, and every other term vanishes, so [ 15 ]
These problems were characterised in his speech as "unattackable at the present state of mathematics" and are now known as Landau's problems. They are as follows: They are as follows: Goldbach's conjecture : Can every even integer greater than 2 be written as the sum of two primes?
The Riemann hypothesis ("the real part of any non-trivial zero of the Riemann zeta function is 1/2") and other prime-number problems, among them Goldbach's conjecture and the twin prime conjecture: Unresolved. — 9th: Find the most general law of the reciprocity theorem in any algebraic number field. Partially resolved.
A formal power series can be loosely thought of as an object that is like a polynomial, but with infinitely many terms.Alternatively, for those familiar with power series (or Taylor series), one may think of a formal power series as a power series in which we ignore questions of convergence by not assuming that the variable X denotes any numerical value (not even an unknown value).
Even if the "drastic set of assumptions" does not work well for some particular polynomial p(x), then p(x) can be transformed into a related polynomial r for which the assumptions are viable; e.g. by first shifting the origin towards a suitable complex number w, giving a second polynomial q(x) = p(x − w), that give distinct roots clearly distinct magnitudes, if necessary (which it will be if ...