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Agricultural wastewater treatment is a farm management agenda for controlling pollution from confined animal operations and from surface runoff that may be contaminated by chemicals in fertilizer, pesticides, animal slurry, crop residues or irrigation water.
Aerobic digestion is a process in sewage treatment designed to reduce the volume of sewage sludge and make it suitable [1] for subsequent use. [2] More recently, technology has been developed that allows the treatment and reduction of other [3] organic waste, such as food, cardboard and horticultural waste. It is a bacterial process occurring ...
Fecal sludge is defined very broadly as what accumulates in onsite sanitation technologies and specifically is not transported through a sewer.It is composed of human excreta, but also anything else that may go into an onsite containment technology, such as flushwater, cleansing materials and menstrual hygiene products, grey water (i.e. bathing or kitchen water, including fats, oils and grease ...
Secondary sludge is sludge separated in secondary clarifiers that are used in secondary treatment bioreactors or processes using inorganic oxidizing agents. In intensive sewage treatment processes, the sludge produced needs to be removed from the liquid line on a continuous basis because the volumes of the tanks in the liquid line have ...
[6] [7] According to a review article published in 2012, sludge reuse (including direct agricultural application and composting) was the predominant choice for sludge management in EU-15 (53% of produced sludge), following by incineration (21% of produced sludge). On the other hand, the most common disposal method in EU-12 countries was ...
Treating sludge bulking and managing the plant to avoid a recurrence requires skilled management and may require full-time staffing of a works to allow immediate intervention. [1] A new development of the activated sludge process is the Nereda process which produces a granular sludge that settles very well. [2] [3]
Health issues are associated with the entire process of waste management. Health issues can also arise indirectly or directly: directly through the handling of solid waste, and indirectly through the consumption of water, soil, and food. [2] Waste is produced by human activity, for example, the extraction and processing of raw materials. [3]
Together, the collection, transport, treatment and end use of fecal sludge constitute the "value chain" or "service chain" of fecal sludge management. Fecal sludge is defined very broadly as what accumulates in onsite sanitation systems (e.g. pit latrines, septic tanks and container-based solutions) and specifically is not transported through a ...