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  2. Gemological Institute of America - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemological_Institute_of...

    The Gemological Institute of America ( GIA) is a nonprofit institute based in Carlsbad, California. It is dedicated to research and education in the field of gemology and the jewelry arts. [ 1] Founded in 1931, GIA's mission is to protect buyers and sellers of gemstones by setting and maintaining the standards used to evaluate gemstone quality.

  3. Gems & Gemology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gems_&_Gemology

    Gems & Gemology is a quarterly scientific journal published by the Gemological Institute of America. Each issue is devoted to research on diamonds, gemstones, and pearls. Topics include geographic sources, imitations and synthetics, treatments, and identification techniques. Established in January 1934, Gems & Gemology is geared toward jewelry ...

  4. Gemology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemology

    Gemology or gemmology is the science dealing with natural and artificial gemstone materials. It is a specific interdisciplinary branch of mineralogy . Some jewelers (and many non-jewelers) are academically trained gemologists and are qualified to identify and evaluate gems.

  5. Richard T. Liddicoat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_T._Liddicoat

    Known for. Father of Modern Gemology [1] Richard T. Liddicoat, Jr. (March 2, 1918 – July 23, 2002) was an American gemologist. An educator in gemology, he contributed in the area of diamond quality grading and gem identification. Liddicoat was the Chairman of the Board of Governors at the Gemological Institute of America (GIA).

  6. Diamond clarity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_clarity

    The clarity grading system developed by the GIA has been used throughout the industry as well as by other diamond grading agencies including the American Gemological Society (AGS), and the International Gemological Institute (IGI). There are other smaller labs which use the GIA system as well.

  7. Gemstone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone

    Gemstone. Group of precious and semiprecious stones—both uncut and faceted—including ( clockwise from top left) diamond, uncut synthetic sapphire, ruby, uncut emerald, and amethyst crystal cluster. A gemstone (also called a fine gem, jewel, precious stone, semiprecious stone, or simply gem) is a piece of mineral crystal which, when cut or ...

  8. Gemstone irradiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone_irradiation

    Gemstone irradiation is a process in which a gemstone is artificially irradiated in order to enhance its optical properties. High levels of ionizing radiation can change the atomic structure of the gemstone's crystal lattice, which in turn alters the optical properties within it. [ 1] As a result, the gem­stone's color may be significantly ...

  9. Diamond - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond

    The Gemological Institute of America (GIA) developed 11 clarity scales to decide the quality of a diamond for its sale value. The GIA clarity scale spans from Flawless (FL) to included (I) having internally flawless (IF), very, very slightly included (VVS), very slightly included (VS) and slightly included (SI) in between.