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Biblical languages are any of the languages employed in the original writings of the Bible.Some debate exists as to which language is the original language of a particular passage, and about whether a term has been properly translated from an ancient language into modern editions of the Bible.
Whereas the Classical Greek city states used different dialects of Greek, a common standard, called Koine (κοινή "common"), developed gradually in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC as a consequence of the formation of larger political structures (like the Greek colonies, Athenian Empire, and the Macedonian Empire) and a more intense cultural exchange in the Aegean area, or in other words the ...
[87] 16 manuscripts present a bilingual Greek-Arabic text-type (including 0136, 0137, 211, 609). There are also trilingual manuscripts – two of them contain the text in Greek, Coptic, and Arabic, and one in Greek, Latin, and Arabic (minuscule 460). [88] The text of the four Gospels was printed in Rome in 1590–1591.
Koine Greek [a] (ἡ κοινὴ διάλεκτος, hē koinḕ diálektos, lit. ' the common dialect '), [b] also variously known as Hellenistic Greek, common Attic, the Alexandrian dialect, Biblical Greek, Septuagint Greek or New Testament Greek, was the common supra-regional form of Greek spoken and written during the Hellenistic period, the Roman Empire and the early Byzantine Empire.
In the east, Greek was the dominant language, a legacy of the Hellenistic period. [18] Greek was also the language of the Christian Church and trade. [19] Most early emperors were bilingual but had a preference for Latin in the public sphere for political reasons, a practice that first started during the Punic Wars. [20]
The first known translation of the Bible into Greek is called the Septuagint (LXX; 3rd–1st centuries BC). The LXX was written in Koine Greek. [1] It contains the Hebrew Bible translated from Hebrew and Aramaic. It also includes several other documents which are considered to have differing levels of authority by various Christian churches.
Since non-literary, simple Greek knowledge or competency in multiple languages was relatively widespread in Jewish Palestine including Galilee, and a Greek-speaking community had already developed in Jerusalem shortly after Easter, one can assume that this linguistic transformation [from "the Aramaic native language of Jesus" to "the Greek ...
The Septuagint (/ ˈ s ɛ p tj u ə dʒ ɪ n t / SEP-tew-ə-jint), [1] sometimes referred to as the Greek Old Testament or The Translation of the Seventy (Koinē Greek: Ἡ μετάφρασις τῶν Ἑβδομήκοντα, romanized: Hē metáphrasis tôn Hebdomḗkonta), and abbreviated as LXX, [2] is the earliest extant Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible from the original Biblical Hebrew.