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The second digit (x0xx through x8xx) indicates the number of tens of degrees latitude (north in global quadrants 1 and 7, south in global quadrants 3 and 5) of the 'minimum' square boundary (nearest to the Equator), i.e. a cell extending between 10°N and 20°N (or 10°S and 20°S) has this digit = 1, a cell extending between 20°N and 30°N ...
The World Geographic Reference System (GEOREF) is a geocode, a grid-based method of specifying locations on the surface of the Earth. GEOREF is essentially based on the geographic system of latitude and longitude , but using a simpler and more flexible notation .
The "globe", in the DGG concept, has no strict semantics, but in geodesy a so-called "grid reference system" is a grid that divides space with precise positions relative to a datum, that is an approximated a "standard model of the Geoid". So, in the role of Geoid, the "globe" covered by a DGG can be any of the following objects:
Such grids may or may not be aligned with the grid lines of latitude and longitude; for example, Marsden Squares, World Meteorological Organization squares, c-squares and others are aligned, while Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system and various local grid based systems such as the British national grid reference system are not.
The grid lines point to a Grid North, varying slightly from True North. This variation is zero on the central meridian (north-south line) of the map, which is at two degrees west of the Prime Meridian, and greatest at the map edges. The difference between grid north and true north is very small and can be ignored for most navigation purposes.
UTM zones on an equirectangular world map with irregular zones in red and New York City's zone highlighted The first part of an MGRS coordinate is the grid-zone designation . The 6° wide UTM zones, numbered 1–60, are intersected by latitude bands that are normally 8° high, lettered C–X (omitting I and O).
The convergence angle γ at a point on the projection is defined by the angle measured from the projected meridian, which defines true north, to a grid line of constant x, defining grid north. Therefore, γ is positive in the quadrant north of the equator and east of the central meridian and also in the quadrant south of the equator and west of ...
Map of Europe with a 30° graticule in dark gray. A graticule (from Latin crāticula 'grill/grating'), on a map, is a graphical depiction of a coordinate system as a grid of lines, each line representing a constant coordinate value. [1] It is thus a form of isoline, and is commonly found on maps of many kinds, at scales from local to global.