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Krum was originally a Bulgar chieftain in Pannonia. [citation needed] His background and the events around his accession as Khan of Bulgaria are unknown. [3]It has been speculated that he was a descendant of Khan Kubrat (c. 632–665) and that his rule marked the return of the Dulo clan, the first dynasty of Bulgaria.
Krum feasts with his nobles as a servant (right) brings the skull of Nikephoros I, fashioned into a drinking cup, full of wine. In early 811, Nikephoros I undertook a massive expedition against Bulgaria, advancing to Marcellae (near Karnobat). Here Krum attempted to negotiate on 11 July 811, but Nikephoros was determined to continue with his ...
Some historians consider Ditzeng, named only in hagiographical sources, merely a local ruler and not a monarch, with Krum perhaps being succeeded directly by his son Omurtag. [34] Omurtag Омуртаг: 814 [35] /815 [20] –831 (16-17 years) Son of Krum. [20] May have seized the throne from Ditzeng [19] or succeeded his father Krum directly. [36]
Simeon was born in 864 or 865, as the third son of Knyaz Boris I [13] of Krum's dynasty. [14] As Boris was the ruler who Christianized Bulgaria in 865, Simeon was a Christian all his life.
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Krum arrived at the city on 17 July 813, and performed a pagan sacrificial ritual involving animals and people in order to impress and force the defenders to surrender. But it was a failure and when Krum saw that the walls were impregnable, he decided to propose peace to the new Byzantine emperor Leo V the Armenian .
For a little over a decade until his death in 814, Krum achieved significant successes over the Byzantine Empire, seizing the important city of Serdica in 809 and decisively defeating the Byzantine armies at the Varbitsa pass and at Versinikia. His son and successor Omurtag tried to continue Krum's aggressive policy but his campaign in 814 was ...
In 853 or 854, the Bulgar Army led by Vladimir, the son of Boris I of Bulgaria, invaded Serbia in an attempt to exact vengeance for the previous defeat of Presian in 839-842 against Vlastimir.