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The 4 ft 9 in (1,448 mm) railways were intended to take 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1,435 mm) gauge vehicles and allow a (second) running tolerance. The Chester and Birkenhead Railway, authorised on 12 July 1837, used 4 ft 9 in (1,448 mm). [31] The London and Brighton Railway, authorised on 15 July 1837, used 4 ft 9 in (1,448 mm). [32]
4 ft 4 + 1 ⁄ 2 in: England Belvoir Castle tramway [87] 1,350 mm 4 ft 5 + 5 ⁄ 32 in: Brazil Santos tramways (closed 1971) [88] and later Santos heritage tramways (1984–86 and 2000–present) [89] 1,372 mm 4 ft 6 in: See 4 ft 6 in gauge railway: 1,384 mm 4 ft 6 + 1 ⁄ 2 in: Scotland various railways in Scotland prior to 1840 1,397 mm 4 ft ...
ISO standards require 45‑foot containers to include a second set of four strong vertical columns (like corner posts), manufactured in them, symmetrically at the 40‑foot length position (meaning 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 ft (76 cm) inwards from their actual outside corners), to support being stacked interchangeably with 40‑foot containers.
If the difference between the two gauges is large enough – for example between 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge and 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) – three-rail dual-gauge is possible, but if not – for example between 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) and 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) metre gauge – four rails must be used. Dual-gauge rail lines ...
Comparison of 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge (blue) and 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) (red) width; the difference is 14.5 in (370 mm), or about 26 per cent of standard gauge. 1,067 mm ( 3 ft 6 in ) between the inside of the rail heads, its name and classification vary worldwide and it has about 112,000 kilometres (70,000 mi) of track.
Russian and 5 ft gauge. 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 + 27 ⁄ 32 in): former Soviet Union states; 1,524 mm (5 ft): Finland and Estonia (The difference is within tolerance limits, so it is possible to exchange trains between 1520 mm and 1524 mm networks without changes to the wheelsets, however sometimes issues like stuck rolling stock might occur.)
While they appear similar to the ISO-standard containers, there are several significant differences: they are considered High-Cubes based on their 9 ft 6 in (2.90 m) ISO-standard height, their 102-inch (2.6 m) width matches the maximum width of road vehicles in the region but is 6 inches (15 cm) wider than ISO-standard containers, [95] and they ...
The Australian standard pallet is designed for use with the RACE container of Australian railways. Originally the pallet was specified at 46 × 46 inches (from a nominal size of 48 × 48 inches, or 4 ft × 4 ft), [3] but this has been metricated to the marginally smaller 1165 × 1165 mm dimensions. Two pallets will fit closely side by side in a ...