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Humans have varying degrees of neuroplasticity due to their genetic makeups, which affects their ability to adapt to conditions in their environments and effectively learn from experiences. [1] The degree to which intelligence test scores can be linked to genetic heritability increases with age. There is presently no explanation for this ...
It can be described as the ability to perceive or infer information; and to retain it as knowledge to be applied to adaptive behaviors within an environment or context. [1] The term rose to prominence during the early 1900s. [2] [3] Most psychologists believe that intelligence can be divided into various domains or competencies. [4]
Human intelligence is the intellectual capability of humans, which is marked by complex cognitive feats and high levels of motivation and self-awareness.Using their intelligence, humans are able to learn, form concepts, understand, and apply logic and reason.
Cognitive biology is an emerging science that regards natural cognition as a biological function. [1] It is based on the theoretical assumption that every organism —whether a single cell or multicellular —is continually engaged in systematic acts of cognition coupled with intentional behaviors, i.e., a sensory-motor coupling . [ 2 ]
Horn notes that crystallized ability is a "precipitate out of experience," resulting from the prior application of fluid ability that has been combined with the intelligence of culture. [9] Examples of tasks that measure crystallized intelligence are vocabulary, general information, abstract word analogies, and the mechanics of language.
The definition of cognition varies by discipline; psychologists tend define cognition by human behaviors, while ethologists have widely varying definitions. Ethological definitions of cognition range from only considering cognition in animals to be behaviors exhibited in humans, while others consider anything action involving a nervous system ...
Heritability is a statistic used in the fields of breeding and genetics that estimates the degree of variation in a phenotypic trait in a population that is due to genetic variation between individuals in that population. [28]
The three-stratum theory is a theory of cognitive ability proposed by the American psychologist John Carroll in 1993. [1] [2] It is based on a factor-analytic study of the correlation of individual-difference variables from data such as psychological tests, school marks and competence ratings from more than 460 datasets.