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The Romani people have long been a part of the collective mythology of the West, where they frequently were (and still are) depicted as outsiders, aliens, and a threat. For centuries, they were enslaved in Eastern Europe and they were also hunted in Western Europe: the Porajmos, Hitler's attempt to commit genocide against the Romani people, was one violent link in a chain of persecution that ...
The absence of a written history has meant that the origin and early history of the Romani people was long an enigma. Indian origin was suggested on linguistic grounds as early as the late 18th century. [9] In the Roma language, "rom" means husband/man, while "romňi" means wife/woman, and thus "roma" means "husbands/people".
In the English language, Romani people have long been known by the exonym Gypsies or Gipsies, [88] which many Roma consider to be an ethnic slur. [89] [90] [91] The attendees of the first World Romani Congress in 1971 unanimously voted to reject the use of all exonyms for the Roma, including "Gypsy". [92]
History of the Romani people during World War II (1 C, 12 P) Pages in category "History of the Romani people" The following 16 pages are in this category, out of 16 total.
There were Romani people with Christopher Columbus on his third voyage to Hispaniola in 1498. [10] Some countries do not collect data by ethnicity. As of the early 2000s, an estimated 4 to 9 million Romani people lived in Europe and Asia Minor, [11] although some Romani organizations estimate numbers as high as 14 million. [12]
Coin of Pescennius Niger, a Roman usurper who claimed imperial power AD 193–194. Legend: IMP CAES C PESC NIGER IVST AVG. While the imperial government of the Roman Empire was rarely called into question during its five centuries in the west and fifteen centuries in the east, individual emperors often faced unending challenges in the form of usurpation and perpetual civil wars. [30]
The Romani language is spoken by millions of Romani people throughout the world. [87] It is of the Indo-Aryan branch. Many Romani people can speak two or more languages. It is not considered an official language because it varies from tribe to tribe. [88] Romani is influenced by Persian, Greek, Armenian, Iranic, Georgian and Arabic. [89] [90]
Romani folklore encompasses the folktales, myths, oral traditions, and legends of the Romani people. The Romani were nomadic when they departed India during the Middle Ages. They migrated widely, particularly to Europe, while other groups stayed and became sedentary. Some legends (often from non-Romani peoples) say that certain Romani have ...