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This is a list of amphibians of New Mexico: all frogs, toads, and salamanders native to the U.S. state of New Mexico. New Mexico has extreme biomes , having mountain ranges down the east and west sides of the state, with forests in the west, desert in the central and eastern regions, and grasslands in the northeast near the border of Oklahoma .
The Jemez Mountains salamander (Plethodon neomexicanus) is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to New Mexico in the United States. [1] Its natural habitat is temperate forests. It is threatened by habitat loss, is in rapid decline, [4] and was placed on the IUCN Red List in 2013. [5]
The Sacramento Mountain salamander occurs in three separate mountainous areas in New Mexico, the Capitan Mountains, the Sierra Blanca range and the Sacramento Mountains.It is found at heights of at least 2,400 metres (7,900 ft) above sea level in mixed forests.
Climbing salamanders is the common name for plethodontid (lungless) salamanders of the genus Aneides. [1] It contains 10 species native to North America , distributed between the Pacific Coast (7 species), Sacramento Mountains (1 species), and Appalachian Mountains (2 species).
The horned lizards are legally protected in the park and throughout New Mexico. [2] Known amphibians found in the park include salamanders and toads. [2] The park is also home to birds such as turkey vultures, red-tailed hawks, mourning doves, hummingbirds, warblers and wrens. [2]
The mole salamanders (genus Ambystoma) are a group of advanced salamanders endemic to North America. The group has become famous due to the presence of the axolotl (A. mexicanum), widely used in research due to its paedomorphosis, and the tiger salamander (A. tigrinum, A. mavortium) which is the official amphibian of many US states, and often sold as a pet.
[15] [16] The common mudpuppy never leaves its aquatic environment and therefore does not undergo morphogenesis; however, many salamanders do and develop differentiated teeth. [17] Aquatic salamander teeth are used to hinder escape of the prey from the salamander; they do not have a crushing function. [17] This aids the salamander when feeding.
Plethodon is part of the family Plethodontidae (lungless salamanders) and the subfamily Plethodontinae.The genus Plethodon can be divided into two subgenera: the nominal subgenus Plethodon, which includes up to 49 eastern species (the bulk of diversity in the genus), and the subgenus Hightonia, [5] which includes 9 species native to the western part of North America.