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In psychology, there are many cognitive distortions that can affect our perception, thinking, and decision making. The following are some of the most well-known cognitive distortions: 1. Confirmation bias - the tendency to seek, interpret, and memorize information in a way that confirms existing beliefs. 2.
A belief system comprises a set ... Mainstream psychology and related disciplines have ... There is research investigating specific beliefs, types of beliefs and ...
Belief bias: Tendency to evaluate the logical strength of an argument based on current belief and perceived plausibility of the statement's conclusion. Framing: Tendency to narrow the description of a situation in order to guide to a selected conclusion. The same primer can be framed differently and therefore lead to different conclusions ...
In the realm of psychology, the concept of belief congruence suggests that our valuation of beliefs, subsystems or systems of beliefs and people is directly proportional to their congruence with our own belief systems. That similar beliefs promote liking and social harmony among people while dissimilar beliefs produce dislike and prejudice. [1]
Social psychology utilizes a wide range of specific theories for various kinds of social and cognitive phenomena. Here is a sampling of some of the more influential theories that can be found in this branch of psychology. Attribution theory – is concerned with the ways in which people explain (or attribute) the behaviour of others. The theory ...
Beliefs therefore fall into two categories: Beliefs that are properly basic, in that they do not depend upon justification of other beliefs, but on something outside the realm of belief (a "non-doxastic justification"). Beliefs that derive from one or more basic beliefs, and therefore depend on the basic beliefs for their validity.
In cognitive psychology, a mindset is the cognitive process activated in a task. [8] In addition to the field of cognitive psychology, the study of mindset is evident in the social sciences and other fields (such as positive psychology). Characteristic of this area of study is its fragmentation among academic disciplines. [8] [6]
For example, there is positive coherence between the belief that there are eight planets in the solar system and the belief that there are less than ten planets in the solar system: the earlier belief implies the latter belief. Other types of support through positive coherence include explanatory and causal connections. [12] [22]