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The composition of the outer membrane is distinct from that of the inner cytoplasmic cell membrane - among other things, the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of many gram-negative bacteria includes a complex lipopolysaccharide whose lipid portion acts as an endotoxin - and in some bacteria such as E. coli it is linked to the cell's ...
The chemical structure of the outer membrane's lipopolysaccharide is often unique to specific bacterial sub-species and is responsible for many of the antigenic properties of these strains. In addition to the peptidoglycan layer the Gram-negative cell wall also contains an additional outer membrane composed of phospholipids and ...
For many bacteria, the S-layer represents the outermost interaction zone with their respective environment. [9] [2] Its functions are very diverse and vary from species to species. In many archaeal species the S-layer is the only cell wall component and, therefore, is important for mechanical and osmotic stabilization.
The chemical structure of the outer membrane lipopolysaccharides is often unique to specific bacterial strains (i.e. sub-species) and is responsible for many of the antigenic properties of these strains. As a phospholipid bilayer, the lipid portion of the outer membrane is largely impermeable to all charged molecules.
In biology, a tunica (/ ˈ t (j) uː n ɪ k ə /, [1] UK: / ˈ tʃ uː n ɪ k ə /; pl.: tunicae) is a layer, coat, sheath, or similar covering. The word came to English from the Neo-Latin of science and medicine. Its literal sense is about the same as that of the word tunic, with which it is cognate.
Structure of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Lipopolysaccharide, now more commonly known as endotoxin, [1] is a collective term for components of the outermost membrane of the cell envelope of gram-negative bacteria, such as E. coli and Salmonella [2] with a common structural architecture.
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. [1] Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner ( cytoplasmic ) membrane and an outer ...
Outer covering that protects the cell and gives it shape. Cytoplasm: A watery gel that contains enzymes, salts, and organic molecules. Ribosome: Structure that produces proteins as specified by DNA. Nucleoid: Region that contains the prokaryote's single DNA molecule. Capsule (only in some groups) Glycoprotein covering outside the cell membrane.