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Ellen Ochoa (born May 10, 1958) is an American engineer, former astronaut and former director of the Johnson Space Center. [1] In 1993, Ochoa became the first Latina woman to go to space when she served on a nine-day mission aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery. [2] Ochoa became director of the center upon the retirement of the previous director ...
Sally Kristen Ride (May 26, 1951 – July 23, 2012) was an American astronaut and physicist. Born in Los Angeles, she joined NASA in 1978, and in 1983 became the first American woman and the third woman to fly in space, after cosmonauts Valentina Tereshkova in 1963 and Svetlana Savitskaya in 1982. She was the youngest American astronaut to have ...
Creola Katherine Johnson (née Coleman; August 26, 1918 – February 24, 2020) was an American mathematician whose calculations of orbital mechanics as a NASA employee were critical to the success of the first and subsequent U.S. crewed spaceflights. [1][2] During her 33-year career at NASA and its predecessor, she earned a reputation for ...
Kalpana Chawla (17 March 1962 – 1 February 2003) [2] was an Indian-born American astronaut and aerospace engineer who was the first woman of Indian origin to fly to space. [3][4] She first flew on Space Shuttle Columbia in 1997 as a mission specialist and primary robotic arm operator aboard STS-87. [5]
Gwynne Shotwell (née Rowley, previously Gurevich; born November 23, 1963 [1]) is an American businesswoman and engineer. She is the president and chief operating officer of SpaceX, an American space transportation company, where she is responsible for day-to-day operations and company growth. [2] As of 2023, Shotwell is listed as the 28th most ...
Sunita Lyn "Suni" Williams (née Pandya; born September 19, 1965) is an American astronaut, retired U.S. Navy officer, and former record holder for most spacewalks by a woman (seven) and most spacewalk time for a woman (50 hours, 40 minutes).
Mae Carol Jemison was born in Decatur, Alabama, on October 17, 1956, [1] [2] the youngest of three children of Charlie Jemison and Dorothy Jemison (née Green). [3] Her father was a maintenance supervisor for a charity organization, and her mother worked most of her career as an elementary school teacher of English and math at the Ludwig van Beethoven Elementary School in Chicago, Illinois.
Albert II, a rhesus monkey, became the first mammal in space aboard a U.S. V-2 rocket on June 14, 1949, and died on reentry due to a parachute failure. The first dogs in space were launched 22 July 1951 aboard a Soviet R-1V. "Tsygin" and "Dezik" reached a height of 100 km (62 mi) and safely parachuted back to Earth.