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  2. Baker v. Carr - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baker_v._Carr

    Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186 (1962), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that redistricting qualifies as a justiciable question under the Fourteenth Amendment 's equal protection clause, thus enabling federal courts to hear Fourteenth Amendment-based redistricting cases. The court summarized its Baker holding ...

  3. Felix Frankfurter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felix_Frankfurter

    He reiterated his view that the role of the Court was not to give an opinion of the "wisdom or evil of a law" but only to determine "whether legislators could in reason have enacted such a law". [58] [59] In Baker v. Carr, Frankfurter's position was that the federal courts did not have the right to tell sovereign state governments how to ...

  4. One man, one vote - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_man,_one_vote

    However, in Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186 (1962) the United States Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren overturned the previous decision in Colegrove holding that malapportionment claims under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment were not exempt from judicial review under Article IV, Section 4, as the equal protection ...

  5. Equal Protection Clause - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal_Protection_Clause

    The first modern application of the Equal Protection Clause to voting law came in Baker v. Carr (1962), where the Court ruled that the districts that sent representatives to the Tennessee state legislature were so malapportioned (with some legislators representing ten times the number of residents as others) that they violated the Equal ...

  6. William J. Brennan Jr. - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_J._Brennan_Jr.

    New York City. William Joseph Brennan Jr. (April 25, 1906 – July 24, 1997) was an American lawyer and jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1956 to 1990. He was the seventh-longest serving justice in Supreme Court history, and was known for being a leader of the Court's liberal wing.

  7. Article Four of the United States Constitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_Four_of_the_United...

    The doctrine was later limited in Baker v. Carr (1962), which held that the lack of state legislative redistricting to be justiciable. [21] While the Supreme Court's holding in Luther v. Borden still holds today, the Court, by looking to the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment (adopted 19 years after Luther v.

  8. Warren Court - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warren_Court

    The one man, one vote cases (Baker v. Carr and Reynolds v. Sims) of 1962–1964, had the effect of ending the over-representation of rural areas in state legislatures, as well as the under-representation of suburbs. Central cities – which had long been under-represented – were now losing population to the suburbs and were not greatly affected.

  9. Alexander Bickel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Bickel

    Alexander Mordecai Bickel (December 17, 1924 – November 7, 1974) was an American legal scholar and expert on the United States Constitution. One of the most influential constitutional commentators of the twentieth century, his writings emphasize judicial restraint. [4]