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The Estonian War of Independence, [c] also known as the Estonian Liberation War, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army and its allies, most notably the United Kingdom, against the Soviet Russian westward offensive of 1918–1919 and the 1919 aggression of the pro–German Baltische Landeswehr.
Map of the Estonian War of Independence of 1918–1920. Estonia declared independence on 24 February 1918. After a brief German occupation in World War I, Estonia regained independence and was subsequently invaded by the Red Army. A series of conflicts followed: 1918–1920, Russian Civil War (1917–1922); 1918–1920, the Estonian War of ...
The Estonian Provisional Government signs a treaty with the Estonian Knighthood and Saaremaa and other Baltic German organizations to repel the advance of the Red Army. 27 November: The Estonian Provisional Government renews its cabinet composition, retaining Konstantin Päts as prime minister, but also naming him the minister of war.
Estonia's lack of will and/or inability to disarm and intern the crew caused the Soviet Union to accuse Estonia of "helping them escape" and claim that Estonia was not neutral. On 24 September 1939, the Soviet Union threatened Estonia with war unless allowed to establish military bases in the country — an ultimatum with which the Estonian ...
Until 2009, Estonia had 40 soldiers fighting alongside American Forces in the Iraq War and 150 soldiers, or about 3% of its total active military force, fighting alongside British Forces during the War in Afghanistan. Estonian forces have since been withdrawn from Iraq. In both cases, the units were regularly rotated.
After the war, Estonia remained incorporated into the Soviet Union as the Estonian SSR until 1991, although the Atlantic Charter stated that no territorial arrangements would be made. World War II losses in Estonia, estimated at around 25% of the population, were among the highest proportion in Europe. War and occupation deaths listed in the ...
During World War I, over 100,000 Estonian men were mobilized into the Imperial Russian Army; 8,000 to 10,000 perished, and one in five suffered injuries. [136] During the war, ideas for an Estonian national army began to take root, while the shortages and hardships on the home front led to civil unrest.
Two years after the end of the Estonian War of Independence (1918-1920), the Estonian Army consisted of 3 field divisions and a number of small independent battalions and companies (1922). The Republic of Estonia consisted of 47,750 km 2 of territory, with a population of 1,107,000 inhabitants. The armed forces was made up of 18,000 men.