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Surface tension is the tendency of liquid surfaces at rest to shrink into the minimum surface area possible. Surface tension is what allows objects with a higher density than water such as razor blades and insects (e.g. water striders) to float on a water surface without becoming even partly submerged.
A: The bottom of a concave meniscus. B: The top of a convex meniscus. In physics (particularly fluid statics), the meniscus (pl.: menisci, from Greek 'crescent') is the curve in the upper surface of a liquid close to the surface of the container or another object, produced by surface tension.
A creature such as the basilisk lizard, often dubbed the 'Jesus lizard', has a weight which is larger than the surface tension can support, and is widely known for running across the surface of water. Another example, the western grebe, performs a mating ritual that includes running across the surface of water. [1]
Drop of water bouncing on a water surface subject to vibrations Surface tension prevents water droplet from being cut by a hydrophobic knife. Liquid forms drops because it exhibits surface tension. [1] A simple way to form a drop is to allow liquid to flow slowly from the lower end of a vertical tube of small diameter.
Surface tension prevents the clip from submerging and the water from overflowing the glass edges. Temperature dependence of the surface tension of pure water. Water has an unusually high surface tension of 71.99 mN/m at 25 °C [64] which is caused by the strength of the hydrogen bonding between water molecules. [65] This allows insects to walk ...
Water potential is the potential energy of water per unit volume relative to pure water in reference conditions. Water potential quantifies the tendency of water to move from one area to another due to osmosis, gravity, mechanical pressure and matrix effects such as capillary action (which is caused by surface tension).
(σ: surface tension, ΔP max: maximum pressure drop, R cap: radius of capillary) Later, after the maximum pressure, the pressure of the bubble decreases and the radius of the bubble increases until the bubble is detached from the end of a capillary and a new cycle begins. This is not relevant to determine the surface tension. [3]
For a water–air interface (with σ = 0.074 N/m and ρ = 1000 kg/m 3) the waves can be approximated as pure capillary waves – dominated by surface-tension effects – for wavelengths less than 0.4 cm (0.2 in). For wavelengths above 7 cm (3 in) the waves are to good approximation pure surface gravity waves with very little surface-tension ...